:Johnston Atoll Geography

Total area:
    2.8 km2
Land area:
    2.8 km2
Comparative area:
    about 4.7 times the size of the Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
    none
Coastline:
    10 km
Maritime claims:
  Contiguous zone:
    12 nm
  Continental shelf:
    200 m (depth)
  Exclusive economic zone:
    200 nm
  Territorial sea:
    12 nm
Disputes:
    none
Climate:
    tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little
    seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
    mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters
Natural resources:
    guano (deposits worked until about 1890)
Land use:
    arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and
    woodland 0%; other 100%
Environment:
    some low-growing vegetation
Note:
    strategic location 717 nautical miles west-southwest of Honolulu in the
    North Pacific Ocean, about one-third of the way between Hawaii and the
    Marshall Islands; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands; North
    Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral
    dredging; closed to the public; former nuclear weapons test site; site of
    Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS)

:Johnston Atoll People

Population:
    1,375 (December 1991); all US government personnel and contractors

:Johnston Atoll Government

Long-form name:
    none (territory of the US)
Type:
    unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Defense Nuclear
    Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and Wildlife
    Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National
    Wildlife Refuge system
Capital:
  
none; administered from Washington, DC
Diplomatic representation:
    none (territory of the US)
Flag:
    the flag of the US is used

:Johnston Atoll Economy

Overview:
    Economic activity is limited to providing services to US military personnel
    and contractors located on the island. All food and manufactured goods must
    be imported.
Electricity:
    supplied by the management and operations contractor

:Johnston Atoll Communications

Ports:
    Johnston Island
Airports:
    1 with permanent-surface runways 2,743 m
Telecommunications:
    excellent system including 60-channel submarine cable, Autodin/SRT terminal,
    digital telephone switch, Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS station),
    commercial satellite television system, and UHF/VHF air-ground radio, marine
    VHF/FM Channel 16
Note:
    US Coast Guard operates a LORAN transmitting station (estimated closing date
    for LORAN is December 1992)

:Johnston Atoll Defense Forces

Note:
    defense is the responsibility of the US