/* File: util.c */

/* Purpose: Angband utilities -BEN- */


#include "angband.h"




#ifndef HAS_MEMSET

/*
 * For those systems that don't have "memset()"
 *
 * Set the value of each of 'n' bytes starting at 's' to 'c', return 's'
 * If 'n' is negative, you will erase a whole lot of memory.
 */
char *memset(char *s, int c, huge n)
{
	char *t;
	for (t = s; len--; ) *t++ = c;
	return (s);
}

#endif



#ifndef HAS_STRICMP

/*
 * For those systems that don't have "stricmp()"
 *
 * Compare the two strings "a" and "b" ala "strcmp()" ignoring case.
 */
int stricmp(cptr a, cptr b)
{
	cptr s1, s2;
	char z1, z2;

	/* Scan the strings */
	for (s1 = a, s2 = b; TRUE; s1++, s2++)
	{
		z1 = FORCEUPPER(*s1);
		z2 = FORCEUPPER(*s2);
		if (z1 < z2) return (-1);
		if (z1 > z2) return (1);
		if (!z1) return (0);
	}
}

#endif


#ifdef SET_UID

# ifndef HAS_USLEEP

/*
 * For those systems that don't have "usleep()" but need it.
 *
 * Fake "usleep()" function grabbed from the inl netrek server -cba
 */
int usleep(huge usecs)
{
	struct timeval      Timer;

	int                 nfds = 0;

#ifdef FD_SET
	fd_set		*no_fds = NULL;
#else
	int			*no_fds = NULL;
#endif


	/* Was: int readfds, writefds, exceptfds; */
	/* Was: readfds = writefds = exceptfds = 0; */


	/* Paranoia -- No excessive sleeping */
	if (usecs > 4000000L) core("Illegal usleep() call");


	/* Wait for it */
	Timer.tv_sec = (usecs / 1000000L);
	Timer.tv_usec = (usecs % 1000000L);

	/* Wait for it */
	if (select(nfds, no_fds, no_fds, no_fds, &Timer) < 0)
	{
		/* Hack -- ignore interrupts */
		if (errno != EINTR) return -1;
	}

	/* Success */
	return 0;
}

# endif


/*
 * Hack -- External functions
 */
extern struct passwd *getpwuid();
extern struct passwd *getpwnam();


/*
 * Find a default user name from the system.
 */
void user_name(char *buf, int id)
{
#if 0
	struct passwd *pw;

	/* Look up the user name */
	if ((pw = getpwuid(id)))
	{
		(void)strcpy(buf, pw->pw_name);
		buf[16] = '\0';

#ifdef CAPITALIZE_USER_NAME
		/* Hack -- capitalize the user name */
		if (islower(buf[0])) buf[0] = toupper(buf[0]);
#endif

		return;
	}
#endif

	/* Oops.  Hack -- default to "PLAYER" */
	strcpy(buf, "PLAYER");
}

#endif /* SET_UID */




/*
 * The concept of the "file" routines below (and elsewhere) is that all
 * file handling should be done using as few routines as possible, since
 * every machine is slightly different, but these routines always have the
 * same semantics.
 *
 * In fact, perhaps we should use the "path_parse()" routine below to convert
 * from "canonical" filenames (optional leading tilde's, internal wildcards,
 * slash as the path seperator, etc) to "system" filenames (no special symbols,
 * system-specific path seperator, etc).  This would allow the program itself
 * to assume that all filenames are "Unix" filenames, and explicitly "extract"
 * such filenames if needed (by "path_parse()", or perhaps "path_canon()").
 *
 * Note that "path_temp" should probably return a "canonical" filename.
 *
 * Note that "my_fopen()" and "my_open()" and "my_make()" and "my_kill()"
 * and "my_move()" and "my_copy()" should all take "canonical" filenames.
 *
 * Note that "canonical" filenames use a leading "slash" to indicate an absolute
 * path, and a leading "tilde" to indicate a special directory, and default to a
 * relative path, but MSDOS uses a leading "drivename plus colon" to indicate the
 * use of a "special drive", and then the rest of the path is parsed "normally",
 * and MACINTOSH uses a leading colon to indicate a relative path, and an embedded
 * colon to indicate a "drive plus absolute path", and finally defaults to a file
 * in the current working directory, which may or may not be defined.
 *
 * We should probably parse a leading "~~/" as referring to "ANGBAND_DIR". (?)
 */


#ifdef ACORN


/*
 * Most of the "file" routines for "ACORN" should be in "main-acn.c"
 */


#else /* ACORN */


#ifdef SET_UID

/*
 * Extract a "parsed" path from an initial filename
 * Normally, we simply copy the filename into the buffer
 * But leading tilde symbols must be handled in a special way
 * Replace "~user/" by the home directory of the user named "user"
 * Replace "~/" by the home directory of the current user
 */
errr path_parse(char *buf, int max, cptr file)
{
	cptr		u, s;
	struct passwd	*pw;
	char		user[128];


	/* Assume no result */
	buf[0] = '\0';

	/* No file? */
	if (!file) return (-1);

	/* File needs no parsing */
	if (file[0] != '~')
	{
		strcpy(buf, file);
		return (0);
	}

	/* Point at the user */
	u = file+1;

	/* Look for non-user portion of the file */
	s = strstr(u, PATH_SEP);

	/* Hack -- no long user names */
	if (s && (s >= u + sizeof(user))) return (1);

	/* Extract a user name */
	if (s)
	{
		int i;
		for (i = 0; u < s; ++i) user[i] = *u++;
		user[i] = '\0';
		u = user;
	}

	/* Look up the "current" user */
	if (u[0] == '\0') u = getlogin();

	/* Look up a user (or "current" user) */
	if (u) pw = getpwnam(u);
	else pw = getpwuid(getuid());

	/* Nothing found? */
	if (!pw) return (1);

	/* Make use of the info */
	(void)strcpy(buf, pw->pw_dir);

	/* Append the rest of the filename, if any */
	if (s) (void)strcat(buf, s);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


#else /* SET_UID */


/*
 * Extract a "parsed" path from an initial filename
 *
 * This requires no special processing on simple machines,
 * except for verifying the size of the filename.
 */
errr path_parse(char *buf, int max, cptr file)
{
	/* Accept the filename */
	strnfmt(buf, max, "%s", file);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


#endif /* SET_UID */


/*
 * Hack -- acquire a "temporary" file name if possible
 *
 * This filename is always in "system-specific" form.
 */
errr path_temp(char *buf, int max)
{
	cptr s;

	/* Temp file */
	s = tmpnam(NULL);

	/* Oops */
	if (!s) return (-1);

	/* Format to length */
	strnfmt(buf, max, "%s", s);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Create a new path by appending a file (or directory) to a path
 *
 * This requires no special processing on simple machines, except
 * for verifying the size of the filename, but note the ability to
 * bypass the given "path" with certain special file-names.
 *
 * Note that the "file" may actually be a "sub-path", including
 * a path and a file.
 *
 * Note that this function yields a path which must be "parsed"
 * using the "parse" function above.
 */
errr path_build(char *buf, int max, cptr path, cptr file)
{
	/* Special file */
	if (file[0] == '~')
	{
		/* Use the file itself */
		strnfmt(buf, max, "%s", file);
	}
	
	/* Absolute file, on "normal" systems */
	else if (prefix(file, PATH_SEP) && !streq(PATH_SEP, ""))
	{
		/* Use the file itself */
		strnfmt(buf, max, "%s", file);
	}
	
	/* No path given */
	else if (!path[0])
	{
		/* Use the file itself */
		strnfmt(buf, max, "%s", file);
	}

	/* Path and File */
	else
	{
		/* Build the new path */
		strnfmt(buf, max, "%s%s%s", path, PATH_SEP, file);
	}

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- replacement for "fopen()"
 */
FILE *my_fopen(cptr file, cptr mode)
{
	char                buf[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (NULL);

	/* Attempt to fopen the file anyway */
	return (fopen(buf, mode));
}


/*
 * Hack -- replacement for "fclose()"
 */
errr my_fclose(FILE *fff)
{
	/* Require a file */
	if (!fff) return (-1);

	/* Close, check for error */
	if (fclose(fff) == EOF) return (1);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


#endif /* ACORN */


/*
 * Hack -- replacement for "fgets()"
 *
 * Read a string, without a newline, to a file
 *
 * Process tabs, strip internal non-printables
 */
errr my_fgets(FILE *fff, char *buf, huge n)
{
	huge i = 0;

	char *s;

	char tmp[1024];

	/* Read a line */
	if (fgets(tmp, 1024, fff))
	{
		/* Convert weirdness */
		for (s = tmp; *s; s++)
		{
			/* Handle newline */
			if (*s == '\n')
			{
				/* Terminate */
				buf[i] = '\0';

				/* Success */
				return (0);
			}

			/* Handle tabs */
			else if (*s == '\t')
			{
				/* Hack -- require room */
				if (i + 8 >= n) break;

				/* Append a space */
				buf[i++] = ' ';

				/* Append some more spaces */
				while (!(i % 8)) buf[i++] = ' ';
			}

			/* Handle printables */
			else if (isprint(*s))
			{
				/* Copy */
				buf[i++] = *s;

				/* Check length */
				if (i >= n) break;
			}
		}
	}

	/* Nothing */
	buf[0] = '\0';

	/* Failure */
	return (1);
}


/*
 * Hack -- replacement for "fputs()"
 *
 * Dump a string, plus a newline, to a file
 *
 * XXX XXX XXX Process internal weirdness?
 */
errr my_fputs(FILE *fff, cptr buf, huge n)
{
	/* XXX XXX */
	n = n ? n : 0;

	/* Dump, ignore errors */
	(void)fprintf(fff, "%s\n", buf);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


#ifdef ACORN


/*
 * Most of the "file" routines for "ACORN" should be in "main-acn.c"
 *
 * Many of them can be rewritten now that only "fd_open()" and "fd_make()"
 * and "my_fopen()" should ever create files.
 */


#else /* ACORN */


/*
 * Code Warrior is a little weird about some functions
 */
#ifdef BEN_HACK
extern int open(const char *, int, ...);
extern int close(int);
extern int read(int, void *, unsigned int);
extern int write(int, const void *, unsigned int);
extern long lseek(int, long, int);
#endif /* BEN_HACK */


/*
 * The Macintosh is a little bit brain-dead sometimes
 */
#ifdef MACINTOSH
# define open(N,F,M) \
	((M), open((char*)(N),F))
# define write(F,B,S) \
	write(F,(char*)(B),S)
#endif /* MACINTOSH */


/*
 * Several systems have no "O_BINARY" flag
 */
#ifndef O_BINARY
# define O_BINARY 0
#endif /* O_BINARY */


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to delete a file
 */
errr fd_kill(cptr file)
{
	char                buf[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (-1);

	/* Remove */
	(void)remove(buf);

	/* XXX XXX XXX */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to move a file
 */
errr fd_move(cptr file, cptr what)
{
	char                buf[1024];
	char                aux[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (-1);

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(aux, 1024, what)) return (-1);

	/* Rename */
	(void)rename(buf, aux);

	/* XXX XXX XXX */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to copy a file
 */
errr fd_copy(cptr file, cptr what)
{
	char                buf[1024];
	char                aux[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (-1);

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(aux, 1024, what)) return (-1);

	/* Copy XXX XXX XXX */
	/* (void)rename(buf, aux); */

	/* XXX XXX XXX */
	return (1);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to open a file descriptor (create file)
 *
 * This function should fail if the file already exists
 *
 * Note that we assume that the file should be "binary"
 *
 * XXX XXX XXX The horrible "BEN_HACK" code is for compiling under
 * the CodeWarrior compiler, in which case, for some reason, none
 * of the "O_*" flags are defined, and we must fake the definition
 * of "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", and "O_RDWR" in "A-win-h", and then
 * we must simulate the effect of the proper "open()" call below.
 */
int fd_make(cptr file, int mode)
{
	char                buf[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (-1);

#ifdef BEN_HACK

	/* Check for existance */
	/* if (fd_close(fd_open(file, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY))) return (1); */

	/* Mega-Hack -- Create the file */
	(void)my_fclose(my_fopen(file, "wb"));

	/* Re-open the file for writing */
	return (open(buf, O_WRONLY | O_BINARY, mode));

#else /* BEN_HACK */

	/* Create the file, fail if exists, write-only, binary */
	return (open(buf, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY | O_BINARY, mode));

#endif /* BEN_HACK */

}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to open a file descriptor (existing file)
 *
 * Note that we assume that the file should be "binary"
 */
int fd_open(cptr file, int flags)
{
	char                buf[1024];

	/* Hack -- Try to parse the path */
	if (path_parse(buf, 1024, file)) return (-1);

	/* Attempt to open the file */
	return (open(buf, flags | O_BINARY, 0));
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to lock a file descriptor
 *
 * Legal lock types -- F_UNLCK, F_RDLCK, F_WRLCK
 */
errr fd_lock(int fd, int what)
{
	/* XXX XXX */
	what = what ? what : 0;

	/* Verify the fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

#ifdef SET_UID

# ifdef USG

#  if defined(F_ULOCK) && defined(F_LOCK)

	/* Un-Lock */
	if (what == F_UNLCK)
	{
		/* Unlock it, Ignore errors */
		lockf(fd, F_ULOCK, 0);
	}

	/* Lock */
	else
	{
		/* Lock the score file */
		if (lockf(fd, F_LOCK, 0) != 0) return (1);
	}

#  endif

# else

#  if defined(LOCK_UN) && defined(LOCK_EX)

	/* Un-Lock */
	if (what == F_UNLCK)
	{
		/* Unlock it, Ignore errors */
		(void)flock(fd, LOCK_UN);
	}

	/* Lock */
	else
	{
		/* Lock the score file */
		if (flock(fd, LOCK_EX) != 0) return (1);
	}

#  endif

# endif

#endif

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to seek on a file descriptor
 */
errr fd_seek(int fd, huge n)
{
	long p;

	/* Verify fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

	/* Seek to the given position */
	p = lseek(fd, n, SEEK_SET);

	/* Failure */
	if (p < 0) return (1);

	/* Failure */
	if (p != n) return (1);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to truncate a file descriptor
 */
errr fd_chop(int fd, huge n)
{
	/* XXX XXX */
	n = n ? n : 0;

	/* Verify the fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

#if defined(SUNOS) || defined(ULTRIX) || defined(NeXT)
	/* Truncate */
	ftruncate(fd, n);
#endif

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to read data from a file descriptor
 */
errr fd_read(int fd, char *buf, huge n)
{
	/* Verify the fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

#ifndef SET_UID

	/* Read pieces */
	while (n >= 16384)
	{
		/* Read a piece */
		if (read(fd, buf, 16384) != 16384) return (1);

		/* Shorten the task */
		buf += 16384;

		/* Shorten the task */
		n -= 16384;
	}

#endif

	/* Read the final piece */
	if (read(fd, buf, n) != n) return (1);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- Attempt to write data to a file descriptor
 */
errr fd_write(int fd, cptr buf, huge n)
{
	/* Verify the fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

#ifndef SET_UID

	/* Write pieces */
	while (n >= 16384)
	{
		/* Write a piece */
		if (write(fd, buf, 16384) != 16384) return (1);

		/* Shorten the task */
		buf += 16384;

		/* Shorten the task */
		n -= 16384;
	}

#endif

	/* Write the final piece */
	if (write(fd, buf, n) != n) return (1);

	/* Success */
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- attempt to close a file descriptor
 */
errr fd_close(int fd)
{
	/* Verify the fd */
	if (fd < 0) return (-1);

	/* Close */
	(void)close(fd);

	/* XXX XXX XXX */
	return (0);
}


#endif /* ACORN */




/*
 * XXX XXX XXX Important note about "colors" XXX XXX XXX
 *
 * The "TERM_*" color definitions list the "composition" of each
 * "Angband color" in terms of "quarters" of each of the three color
 * components (Red, Green, Blue), for example, TERM_UMBER is defined
 * as 2/4 Red, 1/4 Green, 0/4 Blue.
 *
 * The following info is from "Torbjorn Lindgren" (see "main-xaw.c").
 *
 * These values are NOT gamma-corrected.  On most machines (with the
 * Macintosh being an important exception), you must "gamma-correct"
 * the given values, that is, "correct for the intrinsic non-linearity
 * of the phosphor", by converting the given intensity levels based
 * on the "gamma" of the target screen, which is usually 1.7 (or 1.5).
 *
 * The actual formula for conversion is unknown to me at this time,
 * but you can use the table below for the most common gamma values.
 *
 * So, on most machines, simply convert the values based on the "gamma"
 * of the target screen, which is usually in the range 1.5 to 1.7, and
 * usually is closest to 1.7.  The converted value for each of the five
 * different "quarter" values is given below:
 *
 *  Given     Gamma 1.0       Gamma 1.5       Gamma 1.7     Hex 1.7
 *  -----       ----            ----            ----          ---
 *   0/4        0.00            0.00            0.00          #00
 *   1/4        0.25            0.27            0.28          #47
 *   2/4        0.50            0.55            0.56          #8f
 *   3/4        0.75            0.82            0.84          #d7
 *   4/4        1.00            1.00            1.00          #ff
 *
 * Note that some machines (i.e. most IBM machines) are limited to a
 * hard-coded set of colors, and so the information above is useless.
 *
 * Also, some machines are limited to a pre-determined set of colors,
 * for example, the IBM can only display 16 colors, and only 14 of
 * those colors resemble colors used by Angband, and then only when
 * you ignore the fact that "Slate" and "cyan" are not really matches,
 * so on the IBM, we use "orange" for both "Umber", and "Light Umber"
 * in addition to the obvious "Orange", since by combining all of the
 * "indeterminate" colors into a single color, the rest of the colors
 * are left with "meaningful" values.
 */


/*
 * Move the cursor
 */
void move_cursor(int row, int col)
{
	Term_gotoxy(col, row);
}



/*
 * Convert a decimal to a single digit octal number
 */
static char octify(uint i)
{
	return (hexsym[i%8]);
}

/*
 * Convert a decimal to a single digit hex number
 */
static char hexify(uint i)
{
	return (hexsym[i%16]);
}


/*
 * Convert a octal-digit into a decimal
 */
static int deoct(char c)
{
	if (isdigit(c)) return (D2I(c));
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Convert a hexidecimal-digit into a decimal
 */
static int dehex(char c)
{
	if (isdigit(c)) return (D2I(c));
	if (islower(c)) return (A2I(c) + 10);
	if (isupper(c)) return (A2I(tolower(c)) + 10);
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Hack -- convert a printable string into real ascii
 *
 * I have no clue if this function correctly handles, for example,
 * parsing "\xFF" into a (signed) char.  Whoever thought of making
 * the "sign" of a "char" undefined is a complete moron.  Oh well.
 */
void text_to_ascii(char *buf, cptr str)
{
	char *s = buf;

	/* Analyze the "ascii" string */
	while (*str)
	{
		/* Backslash codes */
		if (*str == '\\')
		{
			/* Skip the backslash */
			str++;

			/* Hex-mode XXX */
			if (*str == 'x')
			{
				*s = 16 * dehex(*++str);
				*s++ += dehex(*++str);
			}

			/* Hack -- simple way to specify "backslash" */
			else if (*str == '\\')
			{
				*s++ = '\\';
			}

			/* Hack -- simple way to specify "caret" */
			else if (*str == '^')
			{
				*s++ = '^';
			}

			/* Hack -- simple way to specify "space" */
			else if (*str == 's')
			{
				*s++ = ' ';
			}

			/* Hack -- simple way to specify Escape */
			else if (*str == 'e')
			{
				*s++ = ESCAPE;
			}

			/* Backspace */
			else if (*str == 'b')
			{
				*s++ = '\b';
			}

			/* Newline */
			else if (*str == 'n')
			{
				*s++ = '\n';
			}

			/* Return */
			else if (*str == 'r')
			{
				*s++ = '\r';
			}

			/* Tab */
			else if (*str == 't')
			{
				*s++ = '\t';
			}

			/* Octal-mode */
			else if (*str == '0')
			{
				*s = 8 * deoct(*++str);
				*s++ += deoct(*++str);
			}

			/* Octal-mode */
			else if (*str == '1')
			{
				*s = 64 + 8 * deoct(*++str);
				*s++ += deoct(*++str);
			}

			/* Octal-mode */
			else if (*str == '2')
			{
				*s = 64 * 2 + 8 * deoct(*++str);
				*s++ += deoct(*++str);
			}

			/* Octal-mode */
			else if (*str == '3')
			{
				*s = 64 * 3 + 8 * deoct(*++str);
				*s++ += deoct(*++str);
			}

			/* Skip the final char */
			str++;
		}

		/* Normal Control codes */
		else if (*str == '^')
		{
			str++;
			*s++ = (*str++ & 037);
		}

		/* Normal chars */
		else
		{
			*s++ = *str++;
		}
	}

	/* Terminate */
	*s = '\0';
}


/*
 * Hack -- convert a string into a printable form
 */
void ascii_to_text(char *buf, cptr str)
{
	char *s = buf;

	/* Analyze the "ascii" string */
	while (*str)
	{
		byte i = (byte)(*str++);

		if (i == ESCAPE)
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 'e';
		}
		else if (i == ' ')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 's';
		}
		else if (i == '\b')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 'b';
		}
		else if (i == '\t')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 't';
		}
		else if (i == '\n')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 'n';
		}
		else if (i == '\r')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 'r';
		}
		else if (i == '^')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = '^';
		}
		else if (i == '\\')
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = '\\';
		}
		else if (i < 32)
		{
			*s++ = '^';
			*s++ = i + 64;
		}
		else if (i < 127)
		{
			*s++ = i;
		}
		else if (i < 64)
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = '0';
			*s++ = octify(i / 8);
			*s++ = octify(i % 8);
		}
		else
		{
			*s++ = '\\';
			*s++ = 'x';
			*s++ = hexify(i / 16);
			*s++ = hexify(i % 16);
		}
	}

	/* Terminate */
	*s = '\0';
}



/*
 * Variable used by the functions below
 */
static int hack_dir = 0;


/*
 * Convert a "Rogue" keypress into an "Angband" keypress
 * Pass extra information as needed via "hack_dir"
 *
 * Note that many "Rogue" keypresses encode a direction.
 */
static char roguelike_commands(char command)
{
	/* Process the command */
	switch (command)
	{
		/* Movement (rogue keys) */
		case 'b': hack_dir = 1; return (';');
		case 'j': hack_dir = 2; return (';');
		case 'n': hack_dir = 3; return (';');
		case 'h': hack_dir = 4; return (';');
		case 'l': hack_dir = 6; return (';');
		case 'y': hack_dir = 7; return (';');
		case 'k': hack_dir = 8; return (';');
		case 'u': hack_dir = 9; return (';');

		/* Running (shift + rogue keys) */
		case 'B': hack_dir = 1; return ('.');
		case 'J': hack_dir = 2; return ('.');
		case 'N': hack_dir = 3; return ('.');
		case 'H': hack_dir = 4; return ('.');
		case 'L': hack_dir = 6; return ('.');
		case 'Y': hack_dir = 7; return ('.');
		case 'K': hack_dir = 8; return ('.');
		case 'U': hack_dir = 9; return ('.');

		/* Altering (control + rogue keys) */
		case KTRL('B'): hack_dir = 1; return ('+');
		case KTRL('J'): hack_dir = 2; return ('+');
		case KTRL('N'): hack_dir = 3; return ('+');
		case KTRL('H'): hack_dir = 4; return ('+');
		case KTRL('L'): hack_dir = 6; return ('+');
		case KTRL('Y'): hack_dir = 7; return ('+');
		case KTRL('K'): hack_dir = 8; return ('+');
		case KTRL('U'): hack_dir = 9; return ('+');

		/* Hack -- White-space */
		case KTRL('M'): return ('\r');

		/* Allow use of the "tunnel" command */
		case KTRL('T'): return ('T');

		/* Allow use of the "destroy" command */
		case KTRL('D'): return ('k');

		/* Hack -- Commit suicide */
		case KTRL('C'): return ('Q');

		/* Locate player on map */
		case 'W': return ('L');

		/* Browse a book (Peruse) */
		case 'P': return ('b');

		/* Jam a door (Spike) */
		case 'S': return ('j');

		/* Toggle search mode */
		case '#': return ('S');

		/* Use a staff (Zap) */
		case 'Z': return ('u');

		/* Take off equipment */
		case 'T': return ('t');

		/* Fire an item */
		case 't': return ('f');

		/* Bash a door (Force) */
		case 'f': return ('B');

		/* Look around (examine) */
		case 'x': return ('l');

		/* Aim a wand (Zap) */
		case 'z': return ('a');

		/* Zap a rod (Activate) */
		case 'a': return ('z');

        /* Racial powers (Gnomes, Half-Orcs, Half-Trolls, Amberites) */
        case 'O': return ('U');

		/* Run */
		case ',': return ('.');

		/* Stay still (fake direction) */
		case '.': hack_dir = 5; return (',');

		/* Stay still (fake direction) */
		case '5': hack_dir = 5; return (',');

		/* Standard walking */
		case '1': hack_dir = 1; return (';');
		case '2': hack_dir = 2; return (';');
		case '3': hack_dir = 3; return (';');
		case '4': hack_dir = 4; return (';');
		case '6': hack_dir = 6; return (';');
		case '7': hack_dir = 7; return (';');
		case '8': hack_dir = 8; return (';');
		case '9': hack_dir = 9; return (';');

        case '\'': return KTRL('T');
	}

	/* Default */
	return (command);
}


/*
 * Convert an "Original" keypress into an "Angband" keypress
 *
 * Pass direction information back via "hack_dir".
 *
 * Note that the "Original" keyset adds only a few commands to
 * the "Angband" keyset, most importantly, the ability to use
 * pure directions as "walk" commands.
 */
static char original_commands(char command)
{
	/* Process the command */
	switch (command)
	{
		/* Hack -- White space */
		case KTRL('J'): return ('\r');
		case KTRL('M'): return ('\r');

		/* Stay still (fake direction) */
		case ',': hack_dir = 5; return (',');

		/* Stay still (fake direction) */
		case '5': hack_dir = 5; return (',');

		/* Standard walking */
		case '1': hack_dir = 1; return (';');
		case '2': hack_dir = 2; return (';');
		case '3': hack_dir = 3; return (';');
		case '4': hack_dir = 4; return (';');
		case '6': hack_dir = 6; return (';');
		case '7': hack_dir = 7; return (';');
		case '8': hack_dir = 8; return (';');
		case '9': hack_dir = 9; return (';');

		/* Hack -- Commit suicide */
		case KTRL('K'): return ('Q');
		case KTRL('C'): return ('Q');
	}

	/* Default */
	return (command);
}


/*
 * React to new value of "rogue_like_commands".
 *
 * Initialize the "keymap" arrays based on the current value of
 * "rogue_like_commands".  Note that all "undefined" keypresses
 * by default map to themselves with no direction.  This allows
 * "standard" commands to use the same keys in both keysets.
 *
 * To reset the keymap, simply set "rogue_like_commands" to -1,
 * call this function, restore its value, call this function.
 *
 * The keymap arrays map keys to "command_cmd" and "command_dir".
 *
 * It is illegal for keymap_cmds[N] to be zero, except for
 * keymaps_cmds[0], which is unused.
 *
 * You can map a key to "tab" to make it "non-functional".
 */
void keymap_init(void)
{
	int i, k;

	/* Notice changes in the "rogue_like_commands" flag */
	static old_rogue_like = -1;

	/* Hack -- notice changes in "rogue_like_commands" */
	if (old_rogue_like == rogue_like_commands) return;

	/* Initialize every entry */
	for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
	{
		/* Default to "no direction" */
		hack_dir = 0;

		/* Attempt to translate */
		if (rogue_like_commands)
		{
			k = roguelike_commands(i);
		}
		else
		{
			k = original_commands(i);
		}

		/* Save the keypress */
		keymap_cmds[i] = k;

		/* Save the direction */
		keymap_dirs[i] = hack_dir;
	}

	/* Save the "rogue_like_commands" setting */
	old_rogue_like = rogue_like_commands;
}








/*
 * Legal bit-flags for macro__use[X]
 */
#define MACRO_USE_CMD	0x01	/* X triggers a command macro */
#define MACRO_USE_STD	0x02	/* X triggers a standard macro */

/*
 * Fast check for trigger of any macros
 */
static byte macro__use[256];



/*
 * Hack -- add a macro definition (or redefinition).
 *
 * If "cmd_flag" is set then this macro is only active when
 * the user is being asked for a command (see below).
 */
void macro_add(cptr pat, cptr act, bool cmd_flag)
{
	int n;


	/* Paranoia -- require data */
	if (!pat || !act) return;


	/* Look for a re-usable slot */
	for (n = 0; n < macro__num; n++)
	{
		/* Notice macro redefinition */
		if (streq(macro__pat[n], pat))
		{
			/* Free the old macro action */
			string_free(macro__act[n]);

			/* Save the macro action */
			macro__act[n] = string_make(act);

			/* Save the "cmd_flag" */
			macro__cmd[n] = cmd_flag;

			/* All done */
			return;
		}
	}


	/* Save the pattern */
	macro__pat[macro__num] = string_make(pat);

	/* Save the macro action */
	macro__act[macro__num] = string_make(act);

	/* Save the "cmd_flag" */
	macro__cmd[macro__num] = cmd_flag;

	/* One more macro */
	macro__num++;


	/* Hack -- Note the "trigger" char */
	macro__use[(byte)(pat[0])] |= (MACRO_USE_STD);

	/* Hack -- Note the "trigger" char of command macros */
	if (cmd_flag) macro__use[(byte)(pat[0])] |= (MACRO_USE_CMD);
}



/*
 * Check for possibly pending macros
 */
static int macro_maybe(cptr buf, int n)
{
	int i;

	/* Scan the macros */
	for (i = n; i < macro__num; i++)
	{
		/* Skip inactive macros */
		if (macro__cmd[i] && !inkey_flag) continue;

		/* Check for "prefix" */
		if (prefix(macro__pat[i], buf))
		{
			/* Ignore complete macros */
			if (!streq(macro__pat[i], buf)) return (i);
		}
	}

	/* No matches */
	return (-1);
}


/*
 * Find the longest completed macro
 */
static int macro_ready(cptr buf)
{
	int i, t, n = -1, s = -1;

	/* Scan the macros */
	for (i = 0; i < macro__num; i++)
	{
		/* Skip inactive macros */
		if (macro__cmd[i] && !inkey_flag) continue;

		/* Check for "prefix" */
		if (!prefix(buf, macro__pat[i])) continue;

		/* Check the length of this entry */
		t = strlen(macro__pat[i]);

		/* Find the "longest" entry */
		if ((n >= 0) && (s > t)) continue;

		/* Track the entry */
		n = i;
		s = t;
	}

	/* Return the result */
	return (n);
}



/*
 * Local "need flush" variable
 */
static bool flush_later = FALSE;


/*
 * Local variable -- we just finished a macro action
 */
static bool after_macro = FALSE;

/*
 * Local variable -- we are inside a macro action
 */
static bool parse_macro = FALSE;

/*
 * Local variable -- we are inside a "control-underscore" sequence
 */
static bool parse_under = FALSE;

/*
 * Local variable -- we are inside a "control-backslash" sequence
 */
static bool parse_slash = FALSE;

/*
 * Local variable -- we are stripping symbols for a while
 */
static bool strip_chars = FALSE;



/*
 * Flush all input chars.  Actually, remember the flush,
 * and do a "special flush" before the next "inkey()".
 *
 * This is not only more efficient, but also necessary to make sure
 * that various "inkey()" codes are not "lost" along the way.
 */
void flush(void)
{
	/* Do it later */
	flush_later = TRUE;
}


/*
 * Flush the screen, make a noise
 */
void bell(void)
{
	/* Mega-Hack -- Flush the output */
	Term_fresh();

	/* Make a bell noise (if allowed) */
	if (ring_bell) Term_xtra(TERM_XTRA_NOISE, 0);

	/* Flush the input (later!) */
	flush();
}


/*
 * Hack -- Make a (relevant?) sound
 */
void sound(int val)
{
	/* No sound */
	if (!use_sound) return;

	/* Make a sound (if allowed) */
	Term_xtra(TERM_XTRA_SOUND, val);
}




/*
 * Helper function called only from "inkey()"
 *
 * This function does most of the "macro" processing.
 *
 * We use the "Term_key_push()" function to handle "failed" macros,
 * as well as "extra" keys read in while choosing a macro, and the
 * actual action for the macro.
 *
 * Embedded macros are illegal, although "clever" use of special
 * control chars may bypass this restriction.  Be very careful.
 *
 * The user only gets 500 (1+2+...+29+30) milliseconds for the macro.
 *
 * Note the annoying special processing to "correctly" handle the
 * special "control-backslash" codes following a "control-underscore"
 * macro sequence.  See "main-x11.c" and "main-xaw.c" for details.
 */
static char inkey_aux(void)
{
	int		k = 0, n, p = 0, w = 0;

	char	ch;

	cptr	pat, act;

	char	buf[1024];


	/* Wait for keypress */
	(void)(Term_inkey(&ch, TRUE, TRUE));


	/* End of internal macro */
	if (ch == 29) parse_macro = FALSE;


	/* Do not check "ascii 28" */
	if (ch == 28) return (ch);

	/* Do not check "ascii 29" */
	if (ch == 29) return (ch);


	/* Do not check macro actions */
	if (parse_macro) return (ch);

	/* Do not check "control-underscore" sequences */
	if (parse_under) return (ch);

	/* Do not check "control-backslash" sequences */
	if (parse_slash) return (ch);


	/* Efficiency -- Ignore impossible macros */
	if (!macro__use[(byte)(ch)]) return (ch);

	/* Efficiency -- Ignore inactive macros */
	if (!inkey_flag && (macro__use[(byte)(ch)] == MACRO_USE_CMD)) return (ch);


	/* Save the first key, advance */
	buf[p++] = ch;
	buf[p] = '\0';


	/* Wait for a macro, or a timeout */
	while (TRUE)
	{
		/* Check for possible macros */
		k = macro_maybe(buf, k);

		/* Nothing matches */
		if (k < 0) break;

		/* Check for (and remove) a pending key */
		if (0 == Term_inkey(&ch, FALSE, TRUE))
		{
			/* Append the key */
			buf[p++] = ch;
			buf[p] = '\0';

			/* Restart wait */
			w = 0;
		}

		/* No key ready */
		else
		{
			/* Increase "wait" */
			w += 10;

			/* Excessive delay */
			if (w >= 100) break;

			/* Delay */
			Term_xtra(TERM_XTRA_DELAY, w);
		}
	}


	/* Check for a successful macro */
	k = macro_ready(buf);

	/* No macro available */
	if (k < 0)
	{
		/* Push all the keys back on the queue */
		while (p > 0)
		{
			/* Push the key, notice over-flow */
			if (Term_key_push(buf[--p])) return (0);
		}

		/* Wait for (and remove) a pending key */
		(void)Term_inkey(&ch, TRUE, TRUE);

		/* Return the key */
		return (ch);
	}


	/* Access the macro pattern */
	pat = macro__pat[k];

	/* Get the length of the pattern */
	n = strlen(pat);

	/* Push the "extra" keys back on the queue */
	while (p > n)
	{
		/* Push the key, notice over-flow */
		if (Term_key_push(buf[--p])) return (0);
	}


	/* We are now inside a macro */
	parse_macro = TRUE;

	/* Push the "macro complete" key */
	if (Term_key_push(29)) return (0);


	/* Access the macro action */
	act = macro__act[k];

	/* Get the length of the action */
	n = strlen(act);

	/* Push the macro "action" onto the key queue */
	while (n > 0)
	{
		/* Push the key, notice over-flow */
		if (Term_key_push(act[--n])) return (0);
	}


	/* Force "inkey()" to call us again */
	return (0);
}




/*
 * Get a keypress from the user.
 *
 * This function recognizes a few "global parameters".  These are variables
 * which, if set to TRUE before calling this function, will have an effect
 * on this function, and which are always reset to FALSE by this function
 * before this function returns.  Thus they function just like normal
 * parameters, except that most calls to this function can ignore them.
 *
 * Normally, this function will process "macros", but if "inkey_base" is
 * TRUE, then we will bypass all "macro" processing.  This allows direct
 * usage of the "Term_inkey()" function.
 *
 * Normally, this function will do something, but if "inkey_xtra" is TRUE,
 * then something else will happen.
 *
 * Normally, this function will wait until a "real" key is ready, but if
 * "inkey_scan" is TRUE, then we will return zero if no keys are ready.
 *
 * Normally, this function will show the cursor, and will process all normal
 * macros, but if "inkey_flag" is TRUE, then we will only show the cursor if
 * "hilite_player" is TRUE, and also, we will only process "command" macros.
 *
 * Note that the "flush()" function does not actually flush the input queue,
 * but waits until "inkey()" is called to perform the "flush".
 *
 * Refresh the screen if waiting for a keypress and no key is ready.
 *
 * Note that "back-quote" is automatically converted into "escape" for
 * convenience on machines with no "escape" key.  This is done after the
 * macro matching, so the user can still make a macro for "backquote".
 *
 * Note the special handling of a few "special" control-keys, which
 * are reserved to simplify the use of various "main-xxx.c" files,
 * or used by the "macro" code above.
 *
 * Ascii 27 is "control left bracket" -- normal "Escape" key
 * Ascii 28 is "control backslash" -- special macro delimiter
 * Ascii 29 is "control right bracket" -- end of macro action
 * Ascii 30 is "control caret" -- indicates "keypad" key
 * Ascii 31 is "control underscore" -- begin macro-trigger
 *
 * Hack -- Make sure to allow calls to "inkey()" even if "term_screen"
 * is not the active Term, this allows the various "main-xxx.c" files
 * to only handle input when "term_screen" is "active".
 *
 * Note the nasty code used to process the "inkey_base" flag, which allows
 * various "macro triggers" to be entered as normal key-sequences, with the
 * appropriate timing constraints, but without actually matching against any
 * macro sequences.  Most of the nastiness is to handle "ascii 28" (see below).
 *
 * The "ascii 28" code is a complete hack, used to allow "default actions"
 * to be associated with a given keypress, and used only by the X11 module,
 * it may or may not actually work.  The theory is that a keypress can send
 * a special sequence, consisting of a "macro trigger" plus a "default action",
 * with the "default action" surrounded by "ascii 28" symbols.  Then, when that
 * key is pressed, if the trigger matches any macro, the correct action will be
 * executed, and the "strip default action" code will remove the "default action"
 * from the keypress queue, while if it does not match, the trigger itself will
 * be stripped, and then the "ascii 28" symbols will be stripped as well, leaving
 * the "default action" keys in the "key queue".  Again, this may not work.
 */
char inkey(void)
{
	int v;

	char kk, ch;

	bool done = FALSE;

	term *old = Term;

	int w = 0;


	/* Hack -- handle delayed "flush()" */
	if (flush_later)
	{
		/* Done */
		flush_later = FALSE;

		/* Cancel "macro" info */
		parse_macro = after_macro = FALSE;

		/* Cancel "sequence" info */
		parse_under = parse_slash = FALSE;

		/* Cancel "strip" mode */
		strip_chars = FALSE;

		/* Forget old keypresses */
		Term_flush();
	}


	/* Access cursor state */
	(void)Term_get_cursor(&v);

	/* Show the cursor if waiting, except sometimes in "command" mode */
	if (!inkey_scan && (!inkey_flag || hilite_player || character_icky))
	{
		/* Show the cursor */
		(void)Term_set_cursor(1);
	}


	/* Hack -- Activate the screen */
	Term_activate(term_screen);


	/* Get a (non-zero) keypress */
	for (ch = 0; !ch; )
	{
		/* Nothing ready, not waiting, and not doing "inkey_base", all done */
		if (!inkey_base && inkey_scan && (0 != Term_inkey(&kk, FALSE, FALSE))) break;


		/* Hack -- flush output once when no key ready */
		if (!done && (0 != Term_inkey(&kk, FALSE, FALSE)))
		{
			/* Hack -- activate proper term */
			Term_activate(old);

			/* Flush output */
			Term_fresh();

			/* Hack -- activate the screen */
			Term_activate(term_screen);

			/* Mega-Hack -- reset saved flag */
			character_saved = FALSE;

			/* Mega-Hack -- reset signal counter */
			signal_count = 0;

			/* Only once */
			done = TRUE;
		}


		/* Hack */
		if (inkey_base)
		{
			/* Check for keypress, optional wait */
			(void)Term_inkey(&kk, !inkey_scan, TRUE);

			/* Key ready */
			if (kk)
			{
				/* Reset delay */
				w = 0;

				/* Mega-Hack */
				if (kk == 28)
				{
					/* Toggle "strip_chars" */
					strip_chars = !strip_chars;
				}

				/* Use normal keys */
				else if (!strip_chars)
				{
					/* Use it */
					ch = kk;
				}
			}

			/* No key ready */
			else
			{
				/* Increase "wait" */
				w += 10;

				/* Excessive delay */
				if (w >= 100) break;

				/* Delay */
				Term_xtra(TERM_XTRA_DELAY, w);
			}

			/* Continue */
			continue;
		}


		/* Get a key (see above) */
		kk = ch = inkey_aux();


		/* Finished a "control-underscore" sequence */
		if (parse_under && (ch <= 32))
		{
			/* Found the edge */
			parse_under = FALSE;

			/* Stop stripping */
			strip_chars = FALSE;

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;
		}


		/* Finished a "control-backslash" sequence */
		if (parse_slash && (ch == 28))
		{
			/* Found the edge */
			parse_slash = FALSE;

			/* Stop stripping */
			strip_chars = FALSE;

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;
		}


		/* Handle some special keys */
		switch (ch)
		{
			/* Hack -- convert back-quote into escape */
			case '`':

			/* Convert to "Escape" */
			ch = ESCAPE;

			/* Done */
			break;

			/* Hack -- strip "control-right-bracket" end-of-macro-action */
			case 29:

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;

			/* Done */
			break;

			/* Hack -- strip "control-caret" special-keypad-indicator */
			case 30:

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;

			/* Done */
			break;

			/* Hack -- strip "control-underscore" special-macro-triggers */
			case 31:

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;

			/* Inside a "underscore" sequence */
			parse_under = TRUE;

			/* Strip chars (always) */
			strip_chars = TRUE;

			/* Done */
			break;

			/* Hack -- strip "control-backslash" special-fallback-strings */
			case 28:

			/* Strip this key */
			ch = 0;

			/* Inside a "control-backslash" sequence */
			parse_slash = TRUE;

			/* Strip chars (sometimes) */
			strip_chars = after_macro;

			/* Done */
			break;
		}


		/* Hack -- Set "after_macro" code */
		after_macro = ((kk == 29) ? TRUE : FALSE);


		/* Hack -- strip chars */
		if (strip_chars) ch = 0;
	}


	/* Hack -- restore the term */
	Term_activate(old);


	/* Restore the cursor */
	Term_set_cursor(v);


	/* Cancel the various "global parameters" */
	inkey_base = inkey_xtra = inkey_flag = inkey_scan = FALSE;


	/* Return the keypress */
	return (ch);
}




/*
 * We use a global array for all inscriptions to reduce the memory
 * spent maintaining inscriptions.  Of course, it is still possible
 * to run out of inscription memory, especially if too many different
 * inscriptions are used, but hopefully this will be rare.
 *
 * We use dynamic string allocation because otherwise it is necessary
 * to pre-guess the amount of quark activity.  We limit the total
 * number of quarks, but this is much easier to "expand" as needed.
 *
 * Any two items with the same inscription will have the same "quark"
 * index, which should greatly reduce the need for inscription space.
 *
 * Note that "quark zero" is NULL and should not be "dereferenced".
 */

/*
 * Add a new "quark" to the set of quarks.
 */
s16b quark_add(cptr str)
{
	int i;

	/* Look for an existing quark */
	for (i = 1; i < quark__num; i++)
	{
		/* Check for equality */
		if (streq(quark__str[i], str)) return (i);
	}

	/* Paranoia -- Require room */
	if (quark__num == QUARK_MAX) return (0);

	/* New maximal quark */
	quark__num = i + 1;

	/* Add a new quark */
	quark__str[i] = string_make(str);

	/* Return the index */
	return (i);
}


/*
 * This function looks up a quark
 */
cptr quark_str(s16b i)
{
	cptr q;

	/* Verify */
	if ((i < 0) || (i >= quark__num)) i = 0;

	/* Access the quark */
	q = quark__str[i];

	/* Return the quark */
	return (q);
}




/*
 * Second try for the "message" handling routines.
 *
 * Each call to "message_add(s)" will add a new "most recent" message
 * to the "message recall list", using the contents of the string "s".
 *
 * The messages will be stored in such a way as to maximize "efficiency",
 * that is, we attempt to maximize the number of sequential messages that
 * can be retrieved, given a limited amount of storage space.
 *
 * We keep a buffer of chars to hold the "text" of the messages, not
 * necessarily in "order", and an array of offsets into that buffer,
 * representing the actual messages.  This is made more complicated
 * by the fact that both the array of indexes, and the buffer itself,
 * are both treated as "circular arrays" for efficiency purposes, but
 * the strings may not be "broken" across the ends of the array.
 *
 * The "message_add()" function is rather "complex", because it must be
 * extremely efficient, both in space and time, for use with the Borg.
 */



/*
 * How many messages are "available"?
 */
s16b message_num(void)
{
	int last, next, n;

	/* Extract the indexes */
	last = message__last;
	next = message__next;

	/* Handle "wrap" */
	if (next < last) next += MESSAGE_MAX;

	/* Extract the space */
	n = (next - last);

	/* Return the result */
	return (n);
}



/*
 * Recall the "text" of a saved message
 */
cptr message_str(s16b age)
{
	s16b x;
	s16b o;
	cptr s;

	/* Forgotten messages have no text */
	if ((age < 0) || (age >= message_num())) return ("");

	/* Acquire the "logical" index */
	x = (message__next + MESSAGE_MAX - (age + 1)) % MESSAGE_MAX;

	/* Get the "offset" for the message */
	o = message__ptr[x];

	/* Access the message text */
	s = &message__buf[o];

	/* Return the message text */
	return (s);
}



/*
 * Add a new message, with great efficiency
 */
void message_add(cptr str)
{
	int i, k, x, n;


	/*** Step 1 -- Analyze the message ***/

	/* Hack -- Ignore "non-messages" */
	if (!str) return;

	/* Message length */
	n = strlen(str);

	/* Important Hack -- Ignore "long" messages */
	if (n >= MESSAGE_BUF / 4) return;


	/*** Step 2 -- Attempt to optimize ***/

	/* Limit number of messages to check */
	k = message_num() / 4;

	/* Limit number of messages to check */
	if (k > MESSAGE_MAX / 32) k = MESSAGE_MAX / 32;

	/* Check the last few messages (if any to count) */
	for (i = message__next; k; k--)
	{
		u16b q;

		cptr old;

		/* Back up and wrap if needed */
		if (i-- == 0) i = MESSAGE_MAX - 1;

		/* Stop before oldest message */
		if (i == message__last) break;

		/* Extract "distance" from "head" */
		q = (message__head + MESSAGE_BUF - message__ptr[i]) % MESSAGE_BUF;

		/* Do not optimize over large distance */
		if (q > MESSAGE_BUF / 2) continue;

		/* Access the old string */
		old = &message__buf[message__ptr[i]];

		/* Compare */
		if (!streq(old, str)) continue;

		/* Get the next message index, advance */
		x = message__next++;

		/* Handle wrap */
		if (message__next == MESSAGE_MAX) message__next = 0;

		/* Kill last message if needed */
		if (message__next == message__last) message__last++;

		/* Handle wrap */
		if (message__last == MESSAGE_MAX) message__last = 0;

		/* Assign the starting address */
		message__ptr[x] = message__ptr[i];

		/* Success */
		return;
	}


	/*** Step 3 -- Ensure space before end of buffer ***/

	/* Kill messages and Wrap if needed */
	if (message__head + n + 1 >= MESSAGE_BUF)
	{
		/* Kill all "dead" messages */
		for (i = message__last; TRUE; i++)
		{
			/* Wrap if needed */
			if (i == MESSAGE_MAX) i = 0;

			/* Stop before the new message */
			if (i == message__next) break;

			/* Kill "dead" messages */
			if (message__ptr[i] >= message__head)
			{
				/* Track oldest message */
				message__last = i + 1;
			}
		}

		/* Wrap "tail" if needed */
		if (message__tail >= message__head) message__tail = 0;

		/* Start over */
		message__head = 0;
	}


	/*** Step 4 -- Ensure space before next message ***/

	/* Kill messages if needed */
	if (message__head + n + 1 > message__tail)
	{
		/* Grab new "tail" */
		message__tail = message__head + n + 1;

		/* Advance tail while possible past first "nul" */
		while (message__buf[message__tail-1]) message__tail++;

		/* Kill all "dead" messages */
		for (i = message__last; TRUE; i++)
		{
			/* Wrap if needed */
			if (i == MESSAGE_MAX) i = 0;

			/* Stop before the new message */
			if (i == message__next) break;

			/* Kill "dead" messages */
			if ((message__ptr[i] >= message__head) &&
			    (message__ptr[i] < message__tail))
			{
				/* Track oldest message */
				message__last = i + 1;
			}
		}
	}


	/*** Step 5 -- Grab a new message index ***/

	/* Get the next message index, advance */
	x = message__next++;

	/* Handle wrap */
	if (message__next == MESSAGE_MAX) message__next = 0;

	/* Kill last message if needed */
	if (message__next == message__last) message__last++;

	/* Handle wrap */
	if (message__last == MESSAGE_MAX) message__last = 0;



	/*** Step 6 -- Insert the message text ***/

	/* Assign the starting address */
	message__ptr[x] = message__head;

	/* Append the new part of the message */
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		/* Copy the message */
		message__buf[message__head + i] = str[i];
	}

	/* Terminate */
	message__buf[message__head + i] = '\0';

	/* Advance the "head" pointer */
	message__head += n + 1;
}



/*
 * Hack -- flush
 */
static void msg_flush(int x)
{
	byte a = TERM_L_BLUE;

	/* Hack -- fake monochrome */
	if (!use_color) a = TERM_WHITE;

	/* Pause for response */
	Term_putstr(x, 0, -1, a, "-more-");

	/* Get an acceptable keypress */
	while (1)
	{
		int cmd = inkey();
		if (quick_messages) break;
		if ((cmd == ESCAPE) || (cmd == ' ')) break;
		if ((cmd == '\n') || (cmd == '\r')) break;
		bell();
	}

	/* Clear the line */
	Term_erase(0, 0, 255);
}


/*
 * Output a message to the top line of the screen.
 *
 * Break long messages into multiple pieces (40-72 chars).
 *
 * Allow multiple short messages to "share" the top line.
 *
 * Prompt the user to make sure he has a chance to read them.
 *
 * These messages are memorized for later reference (see above).
 *
 * We could do "Term_fresh()" to provide "flicker" if needed.
 *
 * The global "msg_flag" variable can be cleared to tell us to
 * "erase" any "pending" messages still on the screen.
 *
 * XXX XXX XXX Note that we must be very careful about using the
 * "msg_print()" functions without explicitly calling the special
 * "msg_print(NULL)" function, since this may result in the loss
 * of information if the screen is cleared, or if anything is
 * displayed on the top line.
 *
 * XXX XXX XXX Note that "msg_print(NULL)" will clear the top line
 * even if no messages are pending.  This is probably a hack.
 */
void msg_print(cptr msg)
{
	static p = 0;

	int n;

	char *t;

	char buf[1024];


	/* Hack -- Reset */
	if (!msg_flag) p = 0;

	/* Message Length */
	n = (msg ? strlen(msg) : 0);

	/* Hack -- flush when requested or needed */
	if (p && (!msg || ((p + n) > 72)))
	{
		/* Flush */
		msg_flush(p);

		/* Forget it */
		msg_flag = FALSE;

		/* Reset */
		p = 0;
	}


	/* No message */
	if (!msg) return;

	/* Paranoia */
	if (n > 1000) return;


	/* Memorize the message */
	if (character_generated) message_add(msg);


	/* Copy it */
	strcpy(buf, msg);

	/* Analyze the buffer */
	t = buf;

	/* Split message */
	while (n > 72)
	{
		char oops;

		int check, split;

		/* Default split */
		split = 72;

		/* Find the "best" split point */
		for (check = 40; check < 72; check++)
		{
			/* Found a valid split point */
			if (t[check] == ' ') split = check;
		}

		/* Save the split character */
		oops = t[split];

		/* Split the message */
		t[split] = '\0';

		/* Display part of the message */
		Term_putstr(0, 0, split, TERM_WHITE, t);

		/* Flush it */
		msg_flush(split + 1);

		/* Memorize the piece */
		/* if (character_generated) message_add(t); */

		/* Restore the split character */
		t[split] = oops;

		/* Insert a space */
		t[--split] = ' ';

		/* Prepare to recurse on the rest of "buf" */
		t += split; n -= split;
	}


	/* Display the tail of the message */
	Term_putstr(p, 0, n, TERM_WHITE, t);

	/* Memorize the tail */
	/* if (character_generated) message_add(t); */

	/* Window stuff */
	p_ptr->window |= (PW_MESSAGE);

	/* Remember the message */
	msg_flag = TRUE;

	/* Remember the position */
	p += n + 1;

	/* Optional refresh */
	if (fresh_message) Term_fresh();
}


/*
 * Display a formatted message, using "vstrnfmt()" and "msg_print()".
 */
void msg_format(cptr fmt, ...)
{
	va_list vp;

	char buf[1024];

	/* Begin the Varargs Stuff */
	va_start(vp, fmt);

	/* Format the args, save the length */
	(void)vstrnfmt(buf, 1024, fmt, vp);

	/* End the Varargs Stuff */
	va_end(vp);

	/* Display */
	msg_print(buf);
}



/*
 * Display a string on the screen using an attribute.
 *
 * At the given location, using the given attribute, if allowed,
 * add the given string.  Do not clear the line.
 */
void c_put_str(byte attr, cptr str, int row, int col)
{
	/* Hack -- fake monochrome */
	if (!use_color) attr = TERM_WHITE;

	/* Position cursor, Dump the attr/text */
	Term_putstr(col, row, -1, attr, str);
}

/*
 * As above, but in "white"
 */
void put_str(cptr str, int row, int col)
{
	/* Spawn */
	Term_putstr(col, row, -1, TERM_WHITE, str);
}



/*
 * Display a string on the screen using an attribute, and clear
 * to the end of the line.
 */
void c_prt(byte attr, cptr str, int row, int col)
{
	/* Hack -- fake monochrome */
	if (!use_color) attr = TERM_WHITE;

	/* Clear line, position cursor */
	Term_erase(col, row, 255);

	/* Dump the attr/text */
	Term_addstr(-1, attr, str);
}

/*
 * As above, but in "white"
 */
void prt(cptr str, int row, int col)
{
	/* Spawn */
	c_prt(TERM_WHITE, str, row, col);
}




/*
 * Print some (colored) text to the screen at the current cursor position,
 * automatically "wrapping" existing text (at spaces) when necessary to
 * avoid placing any text into the last column, and clearing every line
 * before placing any text in that line.  Also, allow "newline" to force
 * a "wrap" to the next line.  Advance the cursor as needed so sequential
 * calls to this function will work correctly.
 *
 * Once this function has been called, the cursor should not be moved
 * until all the related "c_roff()" calls to the window are complete.
 *
 * This function will correctly handle any width up to the maximum legal
 * value of 256, though it works best for a standard 80 character width.
 */
void c_roff(byte a, cptr str)
{
	int x, y;

	int w, h;

	cptr s;


	/* Hack -- fake monochrome */
	if (!use_color) a = TERM_WHITE;


	/* Obtain the size */
	(void)Term_get_size(&w, &h);

	/* Obtain the cursor */
	(void)Term_locate(&x, &y);

	/* Process the string */
	for (s = str; *s; s++)
	{
		char ch;

		/* Force wrap */
		if (*s == '\n')
		{
			/* Wrap */
			x = 0;
			y++;

			/* Clear line, move cursor */
			Term_erase(x, y, 255);
		}

		/* Clean up the char */
		ch = (isprint(*s) ? *s : ' ');

		/* Wrap words as needed */
		if ((x >= w - 1) && (ch != ' '))
		{
			int i, n = 0;

			byte av[256];
			char cv[256];

			/* Wrap word */
			if (x < w)
			{
				/* Scan existing text */
				for (i = w - 2; i >= 0; i--)
				{
					/* Grab existing attr/char */
					Term_what(i, y, &av[i], &cv[i]);

					/* Break on space */
					if (cv[i] == ' ') break;

					/* Track current word */
					n = i;
				}
			}

			/* Special case */
			if (n == 0) n = w;

			/* Clear line */
			Term_erase(n, y, 255);

			/* Wrap */
			x = 0;
			y++;

			/* Clear line, move cursor */
			Term_erase(x, y, 255);

			/* Wrap the word (if any) */
			for (i = n; i < w - 1; i++)
			{
				/* Dump */
				Term_addch(av[i], cv[i]);

				/* Advance (no wrap) */
				if (++x > w) x = w;
			}
		}

		/* Dump */
		Term_addch(a, ch);

		/* Advance */
		if (++x > w) x = w;
	}
}

/*
 * As above, but in "white"
 */
void roff(cptr str)
{
	/* Spawn */
	c_roff(TERM_WHITE, str);
}




/*
 * Clear part of the screen
 */
void clear_from(int row)
{
	int y;

	/* Erase requested rows */
	for (y = row; y < Term->hgt; y++)
	{
		/* Erase part of the screen */
		Term_erase(0, y, 255);
	}
}




/*
 * Get some input at the cursor location.
 * Assume the buffer is initialized to a default string.
 * Note that this string is often "empty" (see below).
 * The default buffer is displayed in yellow until cleared.
 * Pressing RETURN right away accepts the default entry.
 * Normal chars clear the default and append the char.
 * Backspace clears the default or deletes the final char.
 * ESCAPE clears the buffer and the window and returns FALSE.
 * RETURN accepts the current buffer contents and returns TRUE.
 */
bool askfor_aux(char *buf, int len)
{
	int y, x;

	int i = 0;

	int k = 0;

	bool done = FALSE;


	/* Locate the cursor */
	Term_locate(&x, &y);


	/* Paranoia -- check len */
	if (len < 1) len = 1;

	/* Paranoia -- check column */
	if ((x < 0) || (x >= 80)) x = 0;

	/* Restrict the length */
	if (x + len > 80) len = 80 - x;


	/* Paranoia -- Clip the default entry */
	buf[len] = '\0';


	/* Display the default answer */
	Term_erase(x, y, len);
	Term_putstr(x, y, -1, TERM_YELLOW, buf);


	/* Process input */
	while (!done)
	{
		/* Place cursor */
		Term_gotoxy(x + k, y);

		/* Get a key */
		i = inkey();

		/* Analyze the key */
		switch (i)
		{
			case ESCAPE:
			k = 0;
			done = TRUE;
			break;

			case '\n':
			case '\r':
			k = strlen(buf);
			done = TRUE;
			break;

			case 0x7F:
			case '\010':
			if (k > 0) k--;
			break;

			default:
			if ((k < len) && (isprint(i)))
			{
				buf[k++] = i;
			}
			else
			{
				bell();
			}
			break;
		}

		/* Terminate */
		buf[k] = '\0';

		/* Update the entry */
		Term_erase(x, y, len);
		Term_putstr(x, y, -1, TERM_WHITE, buf);
	}

	/* Aborted */
	if (i == ESCAPE) return (FALSE);

	/* Success */
	return (TRUE);
}


/*
 * Get a string from the user
 *
 * The "prompt" should take the form "Prompt: "
 *
 * Note that the initial contents of the string is used as
 * the default response, so be sure to "clear" it if needed.
 *
 * We clear the input, and return FALSE, on "ESCAPE".
 */
bool get_string(cptr prompt, char *buf, int len)
{
	bool res;

	/* Paranoia XXX XXX XXX */
	msg_print(NULL);

	/* Display prompt */
	prt(prompt, 0, 0);

	/* Ask the user for a string */
	res = askfor_aux(buf, len);

	/* Clear prompt */
	prt("", 0, 0);

	/* Result */
	return (res);
}


/*
 * Verify something with the user
 *
 * The "prompt" should take the form "Query? "
 *
 * Note that "[y/n]" is appended to the prompt.
 */
bool get_check(cptr prompt)
{
	int i;

	char buf[80];

	/* Paranoia XXX XXX XXX */
	msg_print(NULL);

	/* Hack -- Build a "useful" prompt */
	strnfmt(buf, 78, "%.70s[y/n] ", prompt);

	/* Prompt for it */
	prt(buf, 0, 0);

	/* Get an acceptable answer */
	while (TRUE)
	{
		i = inkey();
		if (quick_messages) break;
		if (i == ESCAPE) break;
		if (strchr("YyNn", i)) break;
		bell();
	}

	/* Erase the prompt */
	prt("", 0, 0);

	/* Normal negation */
	if ((i != 'Y') && (i != 'y')) return (FALSE);

	/* Success */
	return (TRUE);
}


/*
 * Prompts for a keypress
 *
 * The "prompt" should take the form "Command: "
 *
 * Returns TRUE unless the character is "Escape"
 */
bool get_com(cptr prompt, char *command)
{
	/* Paranoia XXX XXX XXX */
	msg_print(NULL);

	/* Display a prompt */
	prt(prompt, 0, 0);

	/* Get a key */
	*command = inkey();

	/* Clear the prompt */
	prt("", 0, 0);

	/* Handle "cancel" */
	if (*command == ESCAPE) return (FALSE);

	/* Success */
	return (TRUE);
}


/*
 * Request a "quantity" from the user
 *
 * Hack -- allow "command_arg" to specify a quantity
 */
s16b get_quantity(cptr prompt, int max)
{
	int amt;

	char tmp[80];

	char buf[80];


	/* Use "command_arg" */
	if (command_arg)
	{
		/* Extract a number */
		amt = command_arg;

		/* Clear "command_arg" */
		command_arg = 0;

		/* Enforce the maximum */
		if (amt > max) amt = max;

		/* Use it */
		return (amt);
	}


	/* Build a prompt if needed */
	if (!prompt)
	{
		/* Build a prompt */
		sprintf(tmp, "Quantity (1-%d): ", max);

		/* Use that prompt */
		prompt = tmp;
	}


	/* Default to one */
	amt = 1;

	/* Build the default */
	sprintf(buf, "%d", amt);

	/* Ask for a quantity */
	if (!get_string(prompt, buf, 6)) return (0);

	/* Extract a number */
	amt = atoi(buf);

	/* A letter means "all" */
	if (isalpha(buf[0])) amt = max;

	/* Enforce the maximum */
	if (amt > max) amt = max;

	/* Enforce the minimum */
	if (amt < 0) amt = 0;

	/* Return the result */
	return (amt);
}


/*
 * Pause for user response XXX XXX XXX
 */
void pause_line(int row)
{
	int i;
	prt("", row, 0);
	put_str("[Press any key to continue]", row, 23);
	i = inkey();
	prt("", row, 0);
}





/*
 * Request a command from the user.
 *
 * Sets command_cmd, command_dir, command_rep, command_arg.
 *
 * Note that "caret" ("^") is treated special, and is used to
 * allow manual input of control characters.  This can be used
 * on many machines to request repeated tunneling (Ctrl-H) and
 * on the Macintosh to request "Control-Caret".
 *
 * Note that this command is used both in the dungeon and in
 * stores, and must be careful to work in both situations.
 */
void request_command(bool shopping)
{
	int i;

	char cmd;


	/* No command yet */
	command_cmd = 0;

	/* No "argument" yet */
	command_arg = 0;

	/* No "direction" yet */
	command_dir = 0;


	/* Hack -- Optional flush */
	if (flush_command) flush();


	/* Hack -- auto-commands */
	if (command_new)
	{
		/* Flush messages */
		msg_print(NULL);

		/* Use auto-command */
		cmd = command_new;

		/* Forget it */
		command_new = 0;
	}

	/* Get a keypress in "command" mode */
	else
	{
		/* Hack -- no flush needed */
		msg_flag = FALSE;

		/* Activate "command mode" */
		inkey_flag = TRUE;

		/* Get a command */
		cmd = inkey();
	}

	/* Clear top line */
	prt("", 0, 0);


	/* Command Count */
	if (cmd == '0')
	{
		/* Begin the input */
		prt("Count: ", 0, 0);

		/* Get a command count */
		while (1)
		{
			/* Get a new keypress */
			cmd = inkey();

			/* Simple editing (delete or backspace) */
			if ((cmd == 0x7F) || (cmd == KTRL('H')))
			{
				/* Delete a digit */
				command_arg = command_arg / 10;

				/* Show current count */
				prt(format("Count: %d", command_arg), 0, 0);
			}

			/* Actual numeric data */
			else if (cmd >= '0' && cmd <= '9')
			{
				/* Stop count at 9999 */
				if (command_arg >= 1000)
				{
					/* Warn */
					bell();

					/* Limit */
					command_arg = 9999;
				}

				/* Increase count */
				else
				{
					/* Incorporate that digit */
					command_arg = command_arg * 10 + D2I(cmd);
				}

				/* Show current count */
				prt(format("Count: %d", command_arg), 0, 0);
			}

			/* Exit on "unusable" input */
			else
			{
				break;
			}
		}

		/* Handle "zero" */
		if (command_arg == 0)
		{
			/* Default to 99 */
			command_arg = 99;

			/* Show current count */
			prt(format("Count: %d", command_arg), 0, 0);
		}

		/* Hack -- white-space means "enter command now" */
		if ((cmd == ' ') || (cmd == '\n') || (cmd == '\r'))
		{
			/* Get a real command */
			(void)(get_com("Command: ", &cmd));
		}
	}


	/* Bypass "keymap" */
	if (cmd == '\\')
	{
		/* Get a char to use without casting */
		(void)(get_com("Command: ", &cmd));

		/* Hack -- allow "control chars" to be entered */
		if (cmd == '^')
		{
			/* Get a char to "cast" into a control char */
			(void)(get_com("Command: Control: ", &cmd));

			/* Convert */
			cmd = KTRL(cmd);
		}

		/* Use the key directly */
		command_cmd = cmd;
	}

	/* Utilize "keymap" */
	else
	{
		/* Hack -- allow "control chars" to be entered */
		if (cmd == '^')
		{
			/* Get a char to "cast" into a control char */
			(void)(get_com("Control: ", &cmd));

			/* Convert */
			cmd = KTRL(cmd);
		}

		/* Access the array info */
		command_cmd = keymap_cmds[cmd & 0x7F];
		command_dir = keymap_dirs[cmd & 0x7F];
	}

	/* Paranoia */
	if (!command_cmd) command_cmd = ESCAPE;


	/* Hack -- Auto-repeat certain commands */
	if (always_repeat && (command_arg <= 0))
	{
		/* Hack -- Tunnel, Bash, Disarm, Open, Close, Alter */
		if (strchr("TBDoc+", command_cmd)) command_arg = 99;
	}


	/* Shopping */
	if (shopping)
	{
		/* Convert */
		switch (command_cmd)
		{
			/* Command "p" -> "purchase" (get) */
			case 'p': command_cmd = 'g'; break;

			/* Command "m" -> "purchase" (get) */
			case 'm': command_cmd = 'g'; break;

			/* Command "s" -> "sell" (drop) */
			case 's': command_cmd = 'd'; break;
		}
	}


    /* Scan equipment */
    for (i = INVEN_WIELD; i < INVEN_TOTAL; i++)
    {
		cptr s;

		object_type *o_ptr = &inventory[i];

		/* Skip non-objects */
		if (!o_ptr->k_idx) continue;

		/* No inscription */
		if (!o_ptr->note) continue;

		/* Find a '!' */
		s = strchr(quark_str(o_ptr->note), '^');

		/* Process preventions */
		while (s)
		{
			/* Check the "restriction" */
			if ((s[1] == command_cmd) || (s[1] == '*'))
			{
				/* Verify command (or convert to "return") */
				if (!get_check("Are you sure? ")) command_cmd = '\r';
			}

			/* Find another '^' */
			s = strchr(s + 1, '^');
		}
	}


	/* Hack -- erase the message line. */
	prt("", 0, 0);
}




/*
 * Check a char for "vowel-hood"
 */
bool is_a_vowel(int ch)
{
	switch (ch)
	{
		case 'a':
		case 'e':
		case 'i':
		case 'o':
		case 'u':
		case 'A':
		case 'E':
		case 'I':
		case 'O':
		case 'U':
		return (TRUE);
	}

	return (FALSE);
}



#if 0

/*
 * Replace the first instance of "target" in "buf" with "insert"
 * If "insert" is NULL, just remove the first instance of "target"
 * In either case, return TRUE if "target" is found.
 *
 * XXX Could be made more efficient, especially in the
 * case where "insert" is smaller than "target".
 */
static bool insert_str(char *buf, cptr target, cptr insert)
{
	int   i, len;
	int		   b_len, t_len, i_len;

	/* Attempt to find the target (modify "buf") */
	buf = strstr(buf, target);

	/* No target found */
	if (!buf) return (FALSE);

	/* Be sure we have an insertion string */
	if (!insert) insert = "";

	/* Extract some lengths */
	t_len = strlen(target);
	i_len = strlen(insert);
	b_len = strlen(buf);

	/* How much "movement" do we need? */
	len = i_len - t_len;

	/* We need less space (for insert) */
	if (len < 0)
	{
		for (i = t_len; i < b_len; ++i) buf[i+len] = buf[i];
	}

	/* We need more space (for insert) */
	else if (len > 0)
	{
		for (i = b_len-1; i >= t_len; --i) buf[i+len] = buf[i];
	}

	/* If movement occured, we need a new terminator */
	if (len) buf[b_len+len] = '\0';

	/* Now copy the insertion string */
	for (i = 0; i < i_len; ++i) buf[i] = insert[i];

	/* Successful operation */
	return (TRUE);
}


#endif



