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Date: Sun, 3 Oct 1993 11:31:43 GMT
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From: Terry Stader - KA8SCP <p00489@psilink.com>
Subject: SCDX 2188
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:: MediaScan ::
:: SWEDEN CALLING DXERS ::
:: from Radio Sweden ::
:: Number 2188--Oct. 5, 1993 ::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Satellite, shortwave and other electronic media news from Radio Sweden.
This week's bulletin was written by George Wood.
Packet Radio BID SCDX2188
All times UTC unless otherwise noted.
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SWEDISH MEDIA NEWS:
RADIO--The long-awaited auctioning off of frequencies for the country's first
commercial radio stations began on September 22nd when the 10 new Stockholm
channels were auctioned off, along with two more in the nearby city of
Uppsala. 24 other frequenices in 12 cities in northern and central Sweden
went on the block the following day.
As we've reported previously in the program, the only criteria was the size
of the bid. Under the law passed by the center-right government, the
licencing authorities were not allowed to judge applicants on the basis of
format, or even if they thought they could afford their bids, as was the case
when Britain's independent television franchises were re-licenced.
The highest power transmitter in Stockholm went to Radio Z, owned by the
Kinnevik media empire, which also owns the satellite TV stations TV3 and
TV1000; several cable-only film, music video, and shopping channels; and part
of the terrestrial broadcaster TV4; as well as the country's second-largest
cellular telephone network; and a number of magazines. Radio Z, which has
been illegally relayed over community radio stations around Sweden for more
than a year, promised to pay the state nearly 400,000 dollars a year for its
licence.
Other Stockholm licences have gone to the French company NRJ, Megapol,
operated by the Bonniers publishing conglomerate, and the women's station
Radio Q.
Another went to Radio Rix, largely owned by a daily newspaper in Gothenburg,
which altogether picked up licences in 9 communities. Radio Z is expected to
work closely with the winning licensees in 4 towns outside of Stockholm,
while Megapol seems to have picked up licences in 3 cities outside of
Stockholm. While the government legislation forbids networking, Radio Rix,
Radio Z, and Megapol are expected to try to find ways around this limitation
in order to challenge the non-commercial public service Swedish Broadcasting
Corporation, which has four national networks.
One of the strangest results of the highest-bidder-takes-all auction system
is that one station, Radio East, won both frequencies in the city of
Norrkoping. They're promising to carry different formats on the two
transmitters, one aimed at people under 40, the other at an older audience.
One of the licences in Uppsala, the seat of the Lutheran Church of Sweden,
went to a controversial fundamentalist Christian sect.
Several of the new stations, including Radio Z and Radio Rix, can be expected
to relay their progamming by satellite, probably the Swedish Tele-X (which
also carries Radio Sweden).
The auction for frequencies in southern Sweden will be held later. The
chairman of the local radio licencing authority, Anders Stening, has promised
to find more frequency allocations by next June, because of the enormous
interest, with at least five times as many applicants as there were available
channels. (TT)
TELEVISION--The expansion of commercial television in Sweden is being
discussed. There's currently one terrestrial commercial TV broadcaster here,
TV4, although both TV3 and TV5 Nordic are available on cable and satellite.
Recently Minister of Culture Birgit Friggebo repeated a suggestion that an
additional terrestrial commercial broadcaster be licenced. According to
Swedish Television news, the media spokesman for the opposition Social
Democrats, Ake Gustavsson, has responded by proposing the inclusion of
commercials in one of the two public service TV channels. (TT)
The suggestion is surprising, since it goes against decades of party
ideology, although it would not be the first time in recent years the Social
Democrats have turned away from long-held policies.
EUROPEAN MEDIA NEWS:
SUPER CHANNEL--The American TV network NBC has announced it is buying control
of Super Channel, which will no doubt make a lot of European viewers happy.
Super Channel has carried an unfocused mix of music videos, B movies, and
news programs. NBC will be cutting back on the videos, and adding such
programs as the "Today Show", the "NBC Nightly News", "The Tonight Show", and
other news programs from NBC and its financial channel CNBC. NBC and Credit
Lyonnais will hold a 75 percent
interest, while Richard Branson, founder of Virgin Atlantic airlines and the
Virgin 1215 radio station, will continue to own the rest. (Reuters)
FRANCE VS ????--France's Higher Broadcasting Council has banned cable
networks from carrying Turner Broadcasting's new Astra relays of the Cartoon
Network and TNT. Apparently dubbing Yogi Bear into French is regarded as
cultural imperialism...the official reason is that the Turner channels are
not in conformity with European regulations, that is, the non-obligatory and
generally ignored EC recommendation that broadcasters carry a majority of
European-produced programming. (BBC Monitoring)
Ted Turner is entitled to lodge an appeal with French authorities, although,
his last tussle with the French legal system was when French cable operators
successfully demanded that they should not have to pay to carry CNN since it
was free to satellite dish owners.
There are many other channels in Europe which do not meet the EC quota which
the French authorities are not trying to close down. Perhaps TNT's only crime
is transmitting in French without being a part of the Canal Plus subscription
network, which is partly owned by the French state. ("Skyguide")
MTV--Ironically, after MTV signed a lease for a channel on the Eutelsat II-F1
satellite recently, the executive vice president of France Telecom, Jean-Yves
Gouiffes, was full of praise for the American music video channel, which many
would consider a bigger threat to European culture than Yogi Bear. The French
official remarked that MTV "has an enviable reputation throughout Europe as a
forerunner in youth entertainment." ("Satnews")
MTV is taking the Eutelsat transponder to reach parts of Eastern Europe not
covered by Astra. The channel recently leased a transponder on Norway's Thor
satellite, in an attempt to reach Scandinavia. That means that MTV can
continue to reach southern Europe using its Astra transponder 22, while using
its other Astra transponder, 15, which has a good signal in northern Europe,
to carry its VH-1 service, which is aimed at a somewhat older audience.
VH-1 may launch in Europe as early as February next year. At the same time
MTV could begin encrypting its Astra signals, both as part of Sky's Multi-
Channels package, and as part of a European Multi-Channels package. The new
Eutelsat transponder will also be encrypted, using digital compression to
provide room for several channels. ("Skyguide" and "Satnews")
FRANCE AND EUROSPORT--Eurosport has ceased providing a French audio
soundtrack on its Astra and Eutelsat service. Viewers wishing to watch in
French will need to subscribe to the Canal Plus package to receive "TV
Sport", the French version of Eurosport. ("Skyguide")
RADIO FRANCE--France Info, France Inter, and Radio Victor are now relayed on
the TV5 Europe transponder on Eutelsat II-F1, on 7.02, 7.20, and 7.38 MHz.
(BBC Monitoring)
Radio France International is supposed to be broadcasting to Europe on
Eutelsat II-F4. (AFP via BBC Monitoring) But monitoring checks have not
revealed a relay of RFI. (BBC Monitoring) AFP quotes something called "World
Radio". Could they mean the World Radio Network, which besides Astra, uses
the MBC transponder on Eutelsat II-F1?
CHINESE ASTRA--China News Europe will launch on Astra in the near future. It
currently broadcasts three hours a night on Super Channel's Eutelsat
transponder. The channel will continue the same broadcast hours and times,
and will share an Astra transponder with a UK Astra channel - possibly The
Family Channel or UK Living.
The channel will will also change its name to "Chinese News and
Entertainment" at the same time as the launch. ("Skyguide")
RED HOT TV--Test transmissions from Red Hot Television (formerly Red Hot
Dutch) have been noted on Eutelsat II-F3, with the promise of a full service
in September. The first 'full broadcast' was of a bored-
looking woman trying to repeatedly orally seduce a banana while
encouraging tired viewers to subscribe to the service. ("Satnews")
GREECE--ERT has announced the establishment of a satellite channel called ERT
International. (BBC Monitoring) As it is to broadcast to Europe, North
Africa, and the Middle East, it will probably use Eutelsat.
PORTUGAL--RTP International has switched from Eutelsat II-F3 to Eutelsat II-
F2, where it has joined other Latin broadcasters such as Italy's RAI, Vatican
TV, and Spain's TVE. RTP is using the transponder on 11.654 GHz. (BBC
Monitoring)
AFRICAN MEDIA NEWS:
ALGERIA--The Algerian Ministry of Communications has decided that its project
to set up a second TV channel via satellite was premature. The project has
been postponed. (BBC Monitoring)
EGYPT--Information Minister Safwat al-Sharif has announced that the Egyptian
Satellite Channel will launch broadcasts in English and French in October.
(BBC Monitoring) The ESC broadcasts on Eutelsat II-F3 on 11.178 GHz.
AMERICAN MEDIA NEWS:
MTV LATINO--MTV has started its new MTV Latino service to Spanish-speaking
America from Miami. Initially MTV Latino is reaching 1.9 million homes in 10
Latin American countries and some parts of the United States, but hopes to
eventually reach 3 to 5 million homes. MTV Latino is using the DigiCipher
digital compression system on the Satcom C3 satellite, possibly on
transponder 19. Viacom, which owns MTV, is considering making an analog
version of MTV Latino available to home dish subscribers. MTV hopes its
sister channels, VH-1 and Nickelodeon, will follow into Latin America. ("New
York Times" and "Satellite TV Week")
ESPN2--Another new channel which has just started is ESPN 2, a faster-paced
version of the sport channel aimed at the 18 to 34 year old MTV audience.
Like the original ESPN, the second channel is on the Galaxy 5 satellite, and
is still in the clear on transponder 14. (AP and "San Francisco Chronicle")
CABLE--In the United States, there's controversy over the new cable law that
went into effect on September 1st. The law was supposed to lower consumers'
bills, but complaints have come from across the country about cable operators
taking advantage of the new regulations to raise rates instead.
The chairman of the Federal Communiations Commmission, James Quello, defended
the regulations implementing the new law before a House of Representative
committee recently. 130 House members sent a letter to the agency two weeks
ago urging the FCC to re-examine its regulations which, they say, "frustrated
Congress's intent to make rates reasonable.
Cable operators have also used the provision of the new law requring them to
include local broadcasters, to drop the C-SPAN channel, which broadcasts from
the American Congress, which passed the law. The operators claim they don't
have enough bandwidth to carry C-SPAN if they are obliged to also carry all
local over-the-air stations on their networks.
The American Supreme Court has agreed to decide whether the provisions of the
cable law requiring that cable systems devote one third of their channels to
local broadcasters is constitutional. (Reuters, AP, "Satnews")
FOX--Fox Inc. says that it will formally launch its long planned basic
cable network on March 1, 1994, and it has already signed agreements
with one-third of US cable networks for its distribution. The
network, known as FX, will be a general entertainment network. ("Satnews")
NBC--The NBC Network has acquired the entire capacity of the Ku-band SBS-4
satellite. NBC will use the satellite on an occasional-use basis until
September, 1994, when the network will have full-time access. This marks the
first time a broadcast network has arranged to be the sole user of a
satellite.
SBS-4 was launched in 1984 and carries ten 20-watt Ku-band
transponders at 77 degrees west longitude. Hughes operates the
satellite in an inclined geosynchronous orbit, enabling it to use
less fuel with north-south station keeping. SBS-4 is expected to
provide service until 2004.
NBC has also signed an agreement with GE Americom Communications for Ku-band
satellite capacity aboard its GE-1 satellite. Capacity will be
used from 1996. Like the SBS-4 transponders, NBC will use GE-1 transponders
for feeds and programme distribution.
Elsewhere NBC has increased its interest in American Television
Network, a partnership that produces health and medical programmes
aimed at consumers and physicians. NBC plans to transform the
network into a 24-hour cable channel at a later stage. ("Satellite TV Week"
and "Skynews")
NEW TURNER NETWORK--Turner Classic Movies will debut on April 14, 1994, the
exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York
City. It will air hundreds of movies from the 1930's to the 1980's.
("Satellite TV Week")
PARAMOUNT--Updating the report last time, the home shopping network QVC has
offered a higher bid than Viacom to buy the entertainment giant Paramount.
(Curiously, both QVC and Viacom are valued less than Paramount.) There is
scepticism if QVC can actually raise the money, and Viacom is both suing its
rival (claiming QVC is trying to monopolize the cable television industry
through its contacts with the country's largest cable company TCI), and
trying to find more funds. Viacom has brought in the video rental company
Blockbuster Video on the deal. (Reuters and "New York Times")
SHOPPING NETWORKS--ValueVision International Inc., a TV home shopping
network, has signed up for a C-band transponder on Hughes Communications'
next-generation Galaxy 1-R satellite, set to be located at 133 degrees west
longitude. ("Satnews")
Time Warner and Spiegel Inc. have announced they will launch two cable
television home shopping channels next year, including an interactive "video
shopping mall". The joint venture makrs the first attempt by either company
to develop a home shopping business. The channels will feature clothes,
accessories, and home furnishing sfrom Spiegel's catalog and from its Eddie
Bauer and other speciality divisions.
The interactive channel will make its debut next April on an experimental
cable network Time Warner is building in Orlanda, Florida. "The interactive
channel will, in effect, be a video shopping mall," say the two companies.
"Cable customers will be able to enter any catalog 'store' at any time, view
a variety of merchandise in full motion video and make purchases on demand."
A more conventional home shopping channel with a working title of "The
Catalog Channel" will start in the first quarter of next year on Time
Warner's cable systems, the second largest in the US, with 7.1 million
subscribers in 36 states. The channel will later be offered to other cable
operators. (AP)
WIRELESS SERVICES--The Federal Communications Commission in the United States
has reallocated 160 MHz of spectrum fo companies to create a series of new
wireless devices that the industry says could make pocket telephones so
inexpensive that half the American population is expected to carry them by
the year 2000. Proposed services also include palm-sized computers, and
laptops that receive video pictures.
In each local area 120 MHz will be divided into seven blocks that will be
licenced to the highest bidders at an auction sometime next year. The
remaining 40 MHz will be available for unlicenced, non-commercial services,
such as the internal communications of a university.
The new bandwidth is 4 times the size of the spectrum allocated for existing
cellular phones. The FCC is taking the space away from users like utilities,
railroads, and pipeline companies, who communicate from fixed trasmitters and
could operate at higher frequencies. (AP and "San Francisco Chronicle")
ASIAN-PACIFIC MEDIA NEWS:
AUSTRALIAN TV FARCE--The biggest farce arguably in broadcasting history is
still going on in Australia with the pay television licence awards.
Ever since the Australian government first announced that four
channels could be broadcast by satellite aboard an Optus satellite,
the whole affair has been dogged by errors, omissions and plain
stupidity. This time two private companies with the same owners, and related
to an unsuccessful previous bidder, have been granted the licences to
broadcast.
David Beddall, Australia's beleaguered communications minister, said
that UCOM Australia Pty Limited and New World Telecommunications
Limited have stumped up enough cash to pay for their non-refundable
deposits, and hence are eligible for the licences.
Only a few weeks ago two companies failed to come up with money
pledged for the licences. Ucom Pty Limited and Hi Vision Limited paid
significantly over the odds against over 50 rivals including seasoned
veterans such as News Corp. to secure the licences.
A third licence has been reserved for the state-owned broadcasting
company ABC. ("Satnews")
INDIA--The federal minister for information and broadcasting has announced
that the state TV Doordarshan will increase its operations to 21 channels.
(PTI via BBC Monitoring) It was only on August 15th that Doordarshan added 6
new satellite channels to its existing 2.
ASIASAT--BT has taken an option on five AsiaSat 2 36MHz C-band transponders
for the satellite set to commence operation in March 1995. BT plans to use
the satellites to expand its international broadcasting
business. ("Satnews")
STAR-TV--The Hong Kong-based STAR-TV satellite network may lose its pan-Asian
character in the midst of intense competition for hefty shares of the
television market in specific Asian countries.
Media analysts predict that rather than offering a completely new perspective
on Asian viewing that cuts across the region's cultural boundaries, STAR-TV
will vie directly with local broadcasters to woo the bulk of viewers.
Hints of a new, sharpened focus for STAR came last month when media tycoon
Rupert Murdoch spoke of reorganising his newly-acquired network into at least
two companies that would specifically target India and China, including
Taiwan and Hong Kong -- and possibly a third for Indonesia.
"I see STAR-TV being split into at least two companies: one for India and one
for China. They are totally different cultures," media reports quote Murdoch
as saying last month, just weeks after he took control of the network from
founder Li Ka Shing.
Analysts say Murdoch's remarks indicate his intention to meet competition
from emerging satellite markets head on. Once the biggest markets are
secured, advertising and the survival of the system will be locked in place,
they add.
Murdoch's take-over of the STAR occurred at a time when broadcasting markets
in Asian countries were changing rapidly, partly in response to STAR itself
and also to more planned satellites that will have footprints covering the
continent.
Begun in 1990, STAR is the acknowledged pioneer in Asian regional
broadcasting.
"STAR-TV achieved a measure of success in Asia at a time when the
technological means for competing with it was not there," notes one media
analyst here who declined to be named. "For STAR to survive, even if Murdoch
had not taken over -- it would have to change."
Indeed, competition in individual markets is heating up. India's Doordarshan
launched five terrestial channels last month. And with India regarded as a
key market for attracting audiences and advertising, other satellite and
cable channels are opening up there.
STAR is also after the Taiwanese market, where the population has
considerable disposable income. But earlier this month, the government said
six new channels would be starting up soon to join the three terrestial
channels already controlled by Taipei, the armed forces and the provincial
governments.
Meanwhile, the Hong Kong broadcaster TVB, which had a planned tie-up bid with
Murdoch that ran afoul of the colony's foreign media ownership rules, this
week launched a special Mandarin language service for Taiwan, and plans to
add three more channels there.
But the broadcasters' dream -- and nightmare --remains China, where the
population of 1.2 billion people have left merchants of all kinds drooling.
Subscription television services are already opening up in that country,
where the thirst for information from the outside has made it a major market.
Comments Ronnie Liu, Disney's Hong Kong-based China director: "Mainlanders
are like sponges. They will lap up anything. They are not yet as
sophisticated, as discerning as consumers in Hong Kong or Taiwan."
But some industry analysts have already begun lamenting the loss of STAR's
pan-Asian orientation in favour of the planned audience-specific programming.
They point out that one of the major successes of Music Television (MTV) Asia
was the launch of new popstars whose appeal surmounted national boundaries.
Taiwanese and Thai singers became popular in India. Indian rock groups made
it in Hong Kong and the Middle East.
But even pre-Murdoch STAR-TV was beginning to realise that programmes had to
be more specifically geared.
More targetted programmes were already being aired, such as the Indian
Business Report, which relied on time zone differences for reaching its
target audience.
The British Broadcasting Co.'s (BBC) World Service Television News, which is
carried by STAR, was also skewing its reports toward an Indian audience,
where it has its largest, most loyal following.
But Sarah Rochin, managing director of the brokerage firm CEA Pacific Rim
that specialises in broadcasting told the South China Morning Post recently:
"STAR-TV's programming is not the best yet because it does not address
viewers' needs and aspirations. A division of the company into three regions
could do that."
Still, while many of STAR's staff members themselves admit they are worried
about the changes, some say they are more fearful about reports that Murdoch
may manage the network from London, particularly news and sports.
"Asia moves so fast," says one disgruntled STAR executive, "It will be
difficult to spot emerging trends and react swiftly and creatively from
London."
Some analysts say the move to have the network run by non-Asians a whole
continent away may have more impact on STAR's 'Asian character' than the
proposed divisions.
Says one market analyst there: "Television is not about management
techniques, where perhaps Murdoch's people may have the edge, but about
keeping the pulse on the audience and responding to cultural trends." (Yojana
Sharma, IPS)
JAPAN--Three television stations have started new satellite channels,
bringing the number of Japanese satellite channels to 9. The three are SVN
Space Vision (entertainment and sports), Let's Try Life Design (hobby and
cultural programs), and Asahi Newstar (news and documentaries). At present
there are only 58,000 satellite subscriptions in Japan, far short of the
targeted 200,000. One reason for the sluggish demand is the high cost of
equipment. Currently, antennas and receivers cost around 200,000 yen. New
receivers, cheaper by tens of thousands of yen, will be marketed later this
year. (Kyodo news agency via BBC Monitoring)
SHORTWAVE NEWS:
CROATIA--Croatian Radio Studio Zagreb has been heard on a new frequency of
13640 kHz, in parallel with 13830, 9830, and 5920 kHz. Transmissions on these
frequencies appear to be 24 hours a day, with relays of Croatian Radio's
domestic service. (BBC Monitoring)
LITHUANIA--Two months ago we reported that the private station Radiocentras
was going against the trend of modern technology and broadcasting in morse
code on 9400 kHz. BBC Monitoring now reports that Radiocentras has switched
to relaying voice, apparently its domestic service in Lithuanian, along with
short announcements in English and German. The transmissions on 9400 kHz are
in lower side band. (BBC Monitoring)
Radio Vilnius is transmitting to North America on the new frequency of 7335
kHz weekdays at 23:00 hrs. (Cees van Oudheusden in BDXA "DX Hotline" via
Kauto Huopio)
MOLDOVA--Radio Moldova International has transmissions in French at
12:00-12:25 hrs on 17800 kHz and at 18:00-18:25 on 11950 kHz. (Cees van
Oudheusden in BDXA "DX Hotline" via Kauto Huopio)
RUSSIA--Rukhi Meroc (Spiritual Heritage), Moscow, is a station broadcasting
in Arabic/Tatar at 15:00-16:00 hrs (Fri) on 1332, 4055, 7160, 11630, 12075,
and 17890 kHz. Broadcasts will be one hour later in winter. (BBC Monitoring)
Russia's Radio - Nostalgia (Russian: Radio Rossii - Nostalzhi), Moscow, is an
association between Russia's Radio and the French commercial radio
organisation, Nostalgie Internationale. They are transmitting in Russian at
04:00-16:00 and in French at 16:00-04:00 (relay of Radio Nostalgie Paris) on
963 kHz. (BBC Monitoring)
OFFSHORE BROADCASTERS--The Voice of Peace, which operates off the coast of
Israel, closed down on October 1. With the signing of the peace agreement
between Israel and the PLO, owner Abie Nathan believes the station is now
obsolete. Speaking on the NPR "Weekend Edition" program Saturday, Abie Nathan
said he had planned to scuttle the ship, but was instead persuaded by the
Mayor of Tel Aviv to bring it to shore, where it is to be made into a beach
museum. (National Public Radio and Martin Heffels on Internet News, via Kauto
Huopio)
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Sweden Calling DXers is the world's oldest radio program for shortwave
listeners. Radio Sweden has presented this round-up of radio news, features,
and interviews on Tuesdays since 1948.
Radio Sweden broadcasts in English:
To Europe:
17:15 hrs on 1179 and 6065 kHz
18:30 hrs and 21:30 hrs on 1179, 6065, and 9655 kHz
22:30 hrs on 1179 and 6065 kHz
23:30 hrs on 1179 kHz
To East Africa and the Middle East:
18:30 hrs on 15145 kHz
To Asia and the Pacific:
12:30 hrs on 15240, 17740, and 17865 kHz
23:30 hrs on 11910 kHz
01:30 hrs on 9695 and 11695 kHz
To North America:
13:30 and 14:30 hrs on 15240 and 17870 kHz
02:30 and 03:30 hrs on 9695 and 11650 kHz
To Latin America:
00:30 hrs on 9695 and 11650 kHz
The broadcasts at 17:15, 18:30, 21:30 (weekends only), and 22:30 hrs are
relayed on satellite on Astra transponder 26 (Sky Movies Gold) audio 7.74 MHz
and Tele-X on 12.207 GHz (TV4) audio 7.38 MHz.
Contributions can be sent to DX Editor George Wood by fax to +468-667-6283,
from Internet, MCI Mail or CompuServe (to the CompuServe mailbox 70247,3516),
through the FidoNet system to 2:201/697 or to SM0IIN at the packet radio BBS
SM0ETV.
Reports can also be sent to:
Radio Sweden
S-105 10 Stockholm
Sweden
Contributions should be NEWS about electronic media--from shortwave to
satellites--and not loggings of information already available from sources
such as the "World Radio TV Handbook". Clubs and DX publications may reprint
material as long as MediaScan/Sweden Calling DXers and the original
contributor are acknowledged, with the exception of items from BBC
Monitoring, which are copyright.
We welcome comments and suggestions about the electronic edition, Sweden
Calling DXers, and our programs in general.
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Thanks to this week's contributors Good Listening!