This is pspp.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.0.2 from pspp.texi.

This manual is for GNU PSPP version 2.0.0-pre1, software for statistical
analysis.

   Copyright © 1997, 1998, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016,
2019, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
     document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
     Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
     Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and
     no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the
     section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
INFO-DIR-SECTION Math
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* PSPP: (pspp).             Statistical analysis package.
* PSPPIRE: (pspp).          Graphical user interface to PSPP.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY


Indirect:
pspp.info-1: 850
pspp.info-2: 300979
pspp.info-3: 603633

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top850
Node: Introduction3273
Node: License4322
Node: Invoking PSPP6516
Node: Main Options7198
Node: PDF PostScript SVG and PNG Output Options14338
Node: Plain Text Output Options18587
Node: SPV Output Options21018
Node: TeX Output Options21940
Node: HTML Output Options22588
Node: OpenDocument Output Options23850
Node: Comma-Separated Value Output Options24427
Node: Invoking PSPPIRE27196
Node: Using PSPP28020
Ref: Using PSPP-Footnote-129996
Node: Preparation of Data Files30096
Node: Defining Variables31257
Node: Listing the data34171
Node: Reading data from a text file35115
Node: Reading data from a pre-prepared PSPP file36366
Node: Saving data to a PSPP file.37198
Node: Reading data from other sources37858
Node: Exiting PSPP38288
Node: Data Screening and Transformation38502
Node: Identifying incorrect data39086
Node: Dealing with suspicious data42947
Node: Inverting negatively coded variables44283
Node: Testing data consistency50355
Node: Testing for normality52122
Node: Hypothesis Testing59304
Ref: Hypothesis Testing-Footnote-160588
Node: Testing for differences of means60673
Node: Linear Regression68052
Node: Language71906
Node: Tokens72773
Node: Commands77701
Node: Syntax Variants78969
Node: Types of Commands80575
Node: Order of Commands82076
Node: Missing Observations84537
Node: Datasets85880
Node: Attributes87014
Ref: Measurement Level89846
Node: System Variables92413
Node: Sets of Variables93608
Node: Input and Output Formats95129
Node: Basic Numeric Formats97291
Node: Custom Currency Formats105507
Node: Legacy Numeric Formats107850
Node: Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats110993
Node: Time and Date Formats115209
Node: Date Component Formats121892
Node: String Formats122975
Node: Scratch Variables123711
Node: Files124971
Node: File Handles126326
Node: BNF128489
Node: Expressions130801
Node: Boolean Values131947
Node: Missing Values in Expressions132640
Node: Grouping Operators133484
Node: Arithmetic Operators133905
Node: Logical Operators134810
Node: Relational Operators135778
Node: Functions136757
Node: Mathematics138294
Node: Miscellaneous Mathematics139184
Node: Trigonometry140878
Node: Missing Value Functions142032
Node: Set Membership143701
Node: Statistical Functions145011
Node: String Functions147228
Node: Time and Date152202
Node: Time and Date Concepts153013
Node: Time Construction154158
Node: Time Extraction154778
Node: Date Construction155558
Node: Date Extraction157756
Node: Time and Date Arithmetic160382
Node: Miscellaneous Functions163224
Ref: LAG163451
Node: Statistical Distribution Functions165523
Node: Continuous Distributions167919
Node: Discrete Distributions174741
Node: Order of Operations176547
Node: Data Input and Output177095
Node: BEGIN DATA179065
Node: CLOSE FILE HANDLE179668
Node: DATAFILE ATTRIBUTE180281
Node: DATASET182540
Node: DATA LIST185593
Node: DATA LIST FIXED186644
Node: DATA LIST FIXED Examples192204
Node: DATA LIST FREE194213
Node: DATA LIST LIST196588
Node: END CASE197343
Node: END FILE197609
Node: FILE HANDLE197876
Node: INPUT PROGRAM206335
Node: LIST211409
Node: NEW FILE212817
Node: PRINT213044
Node: PRINT EJECT216188
Node: PRINT SPACE217424
Node: REREAD218330
Node: REPEATING DATA219699
Node: WRITE223528
Node: System and Portable File IO224868
Node: APPLY DICTIONARY225882
Node: EXPORT228637
Node: GET230412
Node: GET DATA232996
Node: GET DATA /TYPE=GNM/ODS234220
Node: GET DATA /TYPE=PSQL236827
Node: GET DATA /TYPE=TXT239362
Node: GET DATA /TYPE=TXT /ARRANGEMENT=DELIMITED241236
Node: GET DATA /TYPE=TXT /ARRANGEMENT=FIXED246677
Node: IMPORT249184
Node: SAVE250169
Node: SAVE DATA COLLECTION254091
Node: SAVE TRANSLATE255469
Node: SAVE TRANSLATE /TYPE=CSV and TYPE=TAB257698
Node: SYSFILE INFO260895
Node: XEXPORT261979
Node: XSAVE262827
Node: Combining Data Files263677
Node: Combining Files Common Syntax265133
Node: ADD FILES272140
Node: MATCH FILES273546
Node: UPDATE276326
Node: Manipulating Variables278597
Node: DISPLAY280459
Node: NUMERIC282916
Node: STRING283540
Node: RENAME VARIABLES284752
Node: SORT VARIABLES285649
Node: DELETE VARIABLES288168
Node: VARIABLE LABELS288869
Node: PRINT FORMATS289756
Node: WRITE FORMATS290231
Node: FORMATS290695
Node: VALUE LABELS291529
Node: ADD VALUE LABELS292858
Node: MISSING VALUES293299
Node: VARIABLE ATTRIBUTE295123
Node: VARIABLE ALIGNMENT297745
Node: VARIABLE WIDTH298298
Node: VARIABLE LEVEL298783
Node: VARIABLE ROLE299163
Node: VECTOR300979
Node: MRSETS302595
Node: LEAVE306901
Node: Data Manipulation308225
Node: AGGREGATE309104
Ref: aggregate:ex317472
Ref: aggregate:res318016
Node: AUTORECODE319659
Ref: autorecode:ex323086
Ref: autorecode:scr323746
Ref: autorecode:res324141
Ref: AUTORECODE-Footnote-1325496
Node: COMPUTE325737
Ref: bmi:ex327852
Ref: bmi:scr328605
Ref: bmi:res329180
Ref: COMPUTE-Footnote-1329902
Node: COUNT330035
Ref: count:ex332348
Ref: count:scr333037
Ref: count-define:scr333477
Ref: count:res333911
Node: FLIP334539
Ref: flip:ex337302
Ref: flip:res338119
Node: IF340121
Node: RECODE341702
Node: SORT CASES349105
Ref: sort-cases:ex350556
Ref: sort-cases:res351001
Ref: sort-simple:scr353231
Ref: sort:scr353856
Node: Data Selection353967
Node: FILTER354761
Node: N OF CASES355876
Node: SAMPLE357352
Node: SELECT IF359124
Ref: select-if:ex360592
Ref: select-if:res361079
Node: SPLIT FILE362406
Ref: split:ex364525
Ref: split:res365207
Ref: split-status-bar:scr367490
Ref: SPLIT FILE-Footnote-1367682
Node: TEMPORARY367806
Ref: temporary:ex368792
Ref: temporary:res369448
Node: WEIGHT370452
Ref: weight:ex372095
Ref: weight:res372923
Node: Conditionals and Looping374507
Node: BREAK375081
Node: DEFINE375393
Node: Macro Overview375787
Node: Macro Introduction376875
Node: Macro Bodies379000
Node: Macro Arguments380251
Node: Controlling Macro Expansion386042
Node: Macro Functions387657
Node: Macro Expressions395846
Node: Macro Conditional Expansion397308
Node: Macro Loops397980
Node: Macro Variable Assignment399525
Node: Macro Settings400103
Node: Macro Notes401497
Node: DO IF404036
Node: DO REPEAT404983
Node: LOOP407628
Node: Statistics410324
Node: DESCRIPTIVES411629
Ref: descriptives:ex415764
Ref: descriptives:scr416050
Ref: descriptives:res416913
Node: FREQUENCIES419088
Ref: frequencies:ex424164
Ref: frequencies:scr424582
Ref: frequencies:res425225
Ref: FREQUENCIES-Footnote-1427701
Node: EXAMINE427957
Ref: EXAMINE-Footnote-1435082
Node: GRAPH435303
Node: SCATTERPLOT436090
Node: HISTOGRAM436769
Node: BAR CHART437327
Node: CORRELATIONS439350
Node: CROSSTABS442177
Ref: crosstabs:ex448273
Ref: crosstabs:scr448891
Ref: crosstabs:res450067
Node: CTABLES454119
Node: CTABLES Basics456976
Node: CTABLES Categorical Variable Basics457541
Node: CTABLES Scalar Variable Basics467019
Node: CTABLES Overriding Measurement Level470811
Node: CTABLES Data Summarization476299
Node: CTABLES Summary Functions for Individual Cells483701
Node: CTABLES Summary Functions for Groups of Cells486720
Ref: CTABLES Summary Functions for Groups of Cells-Footnote-1490864
Node: CTABLES Summary Functions for Adjusted Weights490976
Node: CTABLES Unweighted Summary Functions491723
Node: CTABLES Statistics Positions and Labels493014
Node: CTABLES Category Label Positions495650
Node: CTABLES Per-Variable Category Options507373
Node: CTABLES Explicit Categories508853
Ref: CTABLES Explicit Category List509047
Node: CTABLES Implicit Categories512140
Node: CTABLES Totals and Subtotals515285
Node: CTABLES Categories Without Values521271
Node: CTABLES Titles524373
Node: CTABLES Table Formatting525692
Node: CTABLES Display of Variable Labels527160
Node: CTABLES Missing Value Treatment528170
Node: CTABLES Missing Values for Cell-Defining Variables528862
Node: CTABLES Missing Values for Summary Variables531474
Node: CTABLES Scale Missing Values533323
Node: CTABLES Computed Categories535671
Node: CTABLES PCOMPUTE536532
Node: CTABLES PPROPERTIES542288
Node: CTABLES Effective Weight543555
Node: CTABLES Hiding Small Counts544497
Node: FACTOR547318
Node: GLM554046
Node: LOGISTIC REGRESSION556215
Node: MEANS559484
Ref: means:ex563810
Ref: means:res564379
Node: NPAR TESTS566698
Node: BINOMIAL568615
Node: CHISQUARE570482
Ref: chisquare:ex572001
Ref: chisquare:scr572263
Ref: chisquare:res572811
Node: COCHRAN573482
Node: FRIEDMAN573948
Node: KENDALL574440
Node: KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV575007
Node: KRUSKAL-WALLIS576775
Node: MANN-WHITNEY577671
Node: MCNEMAR578531
Node: MEDIAN579547
Node: RUNS580595
Node: SIGN581308
Node: WILCOXON582218
Node: T-TEST583247
Node: One Sample Mode585108
Ref: one-sample-t:ex586372
Ref: one-sample-t:scr586584
Ref: one-sample-t:res587074
Node: Independent Samples Mode588469
Ref: indepdendent-samples-t:ex590276
Ref: independent-samples-t:scr590606
Ref: define-groups-t:scr591418
Ref: independent-samples-t:res592250
Node: Paired Samples Mode595367
Node: ONEWAY596256
Node: QUICK CLUSTER599236
Node: RANK603633
Node: REGRESSION606274
Node: Syntax607704
Node: Examples610687
Node: RELIABILITY611442
Ref: reliability:ex614155
Ref: reliability:src614549
Ref: reliability:res614976
Node: ROC615473
Node: Matrices618720
Node: Matrix Files619241
Ref: Matrix File Row Types621109
Node: MATRIX DATA622670
Node: MATRIX DATA with ROWTYPE_626944
Ref: MATRIX DATA Example 1627370
Ref: MATRIX DATA Example 4630877
Ref: MATRIX DATA Example 5631632
Node: MATRIX DATA without ROWTYPE_632192
Ref: MATRIX DATA Example 8634338
Node: MCONVERT638004
Node: MATRIX639324
Node: Matrix Expressions643799
Node: Matrix Construction Operator645179
Node: Matrix Sequence Operator646597
Node: Matrix Index Operator647676
Node: Matrix Unary Operators649580
Node: Matrix Elementwise Binary Operators650273
Node: Matrix Multiplication Operator652495
Node: Matrix Exponentiation Operator653426
Node: Matrix Functions654314
Node: Matrix Elementwise Functions655219
Node: Matrix Logical Functions658127
Node: Matrix Construction Functions658927
Ref: MDIAG660924
Node: Matrix Minimum and Maximum and Sum Functions662624
Node: Matrix Property Functions664646
Node: Matrix Rank Ordering Functions665353
Node: Matrix Algebra Functions666795
Ref: EVAL668077
Ref: SVAL670687
Node: Matrix Statistical Distribution Functions671932
Node: Matrix EOF Function672918
Ref: EOF Matrix Function673187
Node: Matrix COMPUTE Command674007
Node: Matrix CALL command674461
Ref: CALL EIGEN675194
Ref: CALL SVD676203
Ref: CALL SETDIAG677015
Node: Matrix PRINT Command677701
Node: Matrix DO IF Command681849
Node: Matrix LOOP and BREAK Commands683168
Node: Matrix BREAK Command685446
Node: Matrix READ and WRITE Commands686466
Node: Matrix READ Command688947
Node: Matrix WRITE Command693097
Node: Matrix GET Command695309
Node: Matrix SAVE Command698126
Node: Matrix MGET Command700092
Node: Matrix MSAVE Command702225
Node: Matrix DISPLAY Command704921
Node: Matrix RELEASE Command705340
Node: Utilities705747
Node: ADD DOCUMENT707618
Node: CACHE708230
Node: CD708418
Node: COMMENT708644
Node: DOCUMENT709503
Node: DISPLAY DOCUMENTS710363
Node: DISPLAY FILE LABEL710713
Node: DROP DOCUMENTS711052
Node: ECHO711464
Node: ERASE711780
Node: EXECUTE712077
Node: FILE LABEL712308
Node: FINISH712744
Node: HOST712965
Node: INCLUDE714857
Node: INSERT715666
Node: OUTPUT718758
Node: PERMISSIONS720379
Node: PRESERVE and RESTORE721129
Node: SET721518
Ref: SET BLANKS724307
Ref: SET DECIMAL724579
Ref: SET FORMAT725097
Ref: SET EPOCH725234
Ref: SET RIB725650
Ref: SET RRB726261
Ref: SET MXLOOPS728818
Ref: SET SEED729026
Ref: SET FUZZBITS729216
Ref: SET SCALEMIN729498
Ref: CCx Settings730219
Ref: SET LEADZERO730637
Ref: SET MDISPLAY730997
Ref: SET WIB731741
Ref: SET WRB732352
Ref: SET TVARS734459
Ref: SET MEXPAND737826
Ref: SET MPRINT737897
Ref: SET MITERATE738086
Ref: SET MNEST738319
Node: SHOW738624
Node: SUBTITLE740648
Node: TITLE741195
Node: Invoking pspp-convert741680
Node: Invoking pspp-output748111
Node: The pspp-output detect Command749400
Node: The pspp-output dir Command749841
Node: The pspp-output convert Command750530
Node: The pspp-output get-table-look Command752062
Node: The pspp-output convert-table-look Command752900
Node: Input Selection Options753492
Node: Invoking pspp-dump-sav757380
Node: Not Implemented758813
Node: Bugs763734
Node: Function Index768755
Node: Command Index800382
Node: Concept Index811788
Node: GNU Free Documentation License856586

End Tag Table


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