NAME

    Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch - A searchable store backed by
    Elasticsearch

SYNOPSIS

        # From the command line
    
        # Import data into ElasticSearch
        $ catmandu import JSON to ElasticSearch --bag catmandu < data.json
    
        # Export data from ElasticSearch
        $ catmandu export ElasticSearch --bag catmandu to JSON > data.json
    
        # Export only one record
        $ catmandu export ElasticSearch --bag catmandu --id 1234
    
        # Export using an ElasticSearch query
        $ catmandu export ElasticSearch --bag catmandu --query "name:Recruitment OR name:college"
    
        # Export using a CQL query (needs a CQL mapping)
        $ catmandu export ElasticSearch --bag catmandu --cql-query "name any college"
    
        # You need to specify the client version if your Elasticsearch server version is
        # not the same as your default Search::Elasticsearch client version
        $ catmandu import JSON to ElasticSearch --bag catmandu --client '5_0::Direct' < data.json
    
        # From Perl
    
        use Catmandu;
    
        my $store = Catmandu->store('ElasticSearch');
    
        my $obj1 = $store->bag('catmandu')->add({ name => 'Patrick' });
    
        printf "obj1 stored as %s\n" , $obj1->{_id};
    
        # Force an id in the store
        my $obj2 = $store->bag('catmandu')->add({ _id => 'test123' , name => 'Nicolas' });
    
        # Commit all changes
        $store->bag('catmandu')->commit;
    
        $store->bag('catmandu')->delete('test123');
    
        $store->bag('catmandu')->delete_all;
    
        # All bags are iterators
        $store->bag->each(sub { ... });
        $store->bag->take(10)->each(sub { ... });
    
        # Query the store using a simple ElasticSearch query
        my $hits = $store->bag->search(query => '(content:this OR name:this) AND (content:that OR name:that)');
    
        # Native queries are also supported by providing a hash of terms
        # See the ElasticSearch manual for more examples
        my $hits = $store->bag->search(
            query => {
                # All name.exact fields that start with 'test'
                prefix => {
                    'name.exact' => 'test'
                }
            } ,
            limit => 1000);
    
        # Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch supports CQL...
        my $hits = $store->bag->search(cql_query => 'name any "Patrick"');

METHODS

 new(%params)

 new(%params, bags => { mybag => { index => 'myindex', mapping => \%map
 cql_mapping => \%map } })

    Create a new Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch store. ElasticSearch
    connection parameters will be passed on to the underlying client.

    Optionally provide for each bag a index to indicate which index to use.
    This defaults to the bag's name.

    Optionally provide for each bag a type to indicate the name of the
    mapping. This defaults to the bag's name.

    Optionally provide for each bag a mapping which contains a
    ElasticSearch schema for each field in the index (See below).

    Optionally provide for each bag a cql_mapping to map fields to CQL
    indexes.

    Optionally provide for each bag an on_error error handler (See below).

INHERITED METHODS

    This Catmandu::Store implements:

    Catmandu::Store

    Each Catmandu::Bag in this Catmandu::Store implements:

    Catmandu::Bag

    Catmandu::Droppable

    Catmandu::Searchable

    Catmandu::CQLSearchable

INDEX MAPPING

    The mapping contains a Elasticsearch schema mappings for each bag
    defined in the index. E.g.

        {
            properties => {
                title => {
                    type => 'text'
                }
            }
        }

    See
    https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping.html
    for more information on mappings.

    These mappings can be passed inside a Perl program, or be written into
    a Catmandu 'catmandu.yml' configuration file. E.g.

       # catmandu.yml
       store:
           search:
              package: ElasticSearch
              options:
                bags:
                  mybag:
                    mapping:
                      properties:
                        title:
                          type: text

    Via the command line these configuration parameters can be read in by
    using the name of the store, search in this case:

       $ catmandu import JSON to search --bag mybag < data.json
       $ catmandu export search --bag mybag to JSON > data.json

CQL MAPPING

    Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch supports CQL searches when a cql_mapping
    is provided for each bag. This hash contains a translation of CQL
    fields into Elasticsearch searchable fields.

     # Example mapping
      {
        indexes => {
          title => {
            op => {
              'any'   => 1 ,
              'all'   => 1 ,
              '='     => 1 ,
              '<>'    => 1 ,
              'exact' => {field => [qw(mytitle.exact myalttitle.exact)]}
            } ,
            field => 'mytitle',
            sort  => 1,
            cb    => ['Biblio::Search', 'normalize_title']
          }
        }
     }

    The CQL mapping above will support for the 'title' field the CQL
    operators: any, all, =, <> and exact.

    The 'title' field will be mapping into the Elasticsearch field
    'mytitle', except for the 'exact' operator. In case of 'exact' we will
    search both the 'mytitle.exact' and 'myalttitle.exact' fields.

    The CQL mapping allows for sorting on the 'title' field. If, for
    instance, we would like to use a special ElasticSearch field for
    sorting we could have written "sort => { field => 'mytitle.sort' }".

    The callback field cb contains a reference to subroutines to rewrite or
    augment a search query. In this case, the Biblio::Search package
    contains a normalize_title subroutine which returns a string or an
    ARRAY of strings with augmented title(s). E.g.

        package Biblio::Search;
    
        sub normalize_title {
           my ($self,$title) = @_;
           my $new_title =~ s{[^A-Z0-9]+}{}g;
           $new_title;
        }
    
        1;

    Also this configuration can be added to a catmandu.yml configuration
    file like:

        # catmandu.yml
        store:
            search:
               package: ElasticSearch
               options:
                 client: 6_0::Direct
                 bags:
                   book:
                     mapping:
                       properties:
                         title:
                           type: text
                     cql_mapping:
                       indexes:
                           title:
                               op:
                                   'any': true
                                   'all': true
                                   '=':   true
                                   '<>':  true
                                   'exact':
                                       field: [ 'mytitle.exact' , 'myalttitle.exact' ]
                               field: mytitle
                               sort: true
                               cb: [ 'Biblio::Search' , 'normalize_title' ]

    Via the command line these configuration parameters can be read in by
    using the name of the store, search in this case:

       $ catmandu export search --bag book -q 'title any blablabla' to JSON > data.json

COMPATIBILITY

    The appropriate client should be installed:

        # Elasticsearch 6.x
        cpanm Search::Elasticsearch::Client::6_0::Direct
        # Elasticsearch 1.x
        cpanm Search::Elasticsearch::Client::1_0::Direct

    And specified in the options:

        Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch->new(client => '1_0::Direct')

    If you want to use the delete_by_query method with Elasticsearch 2.0
    you have to install the delete by query plugin
    <https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/plugins/current/plugins-delete-by-query.html>.

ERROR HANDLING

    Error handling can be activated by specifying an error handling
    callback for index when creating a store. E.g. to create an error
    handler for the bag 'data' index use:

        my $error_handler = sub {
            my ($action, $response, $i) = @_;
            do_something_with_error($response);
        };
    
        my $store = Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch->new(
            bags => { data => { on_error => $error_handler } }
        });

    Instead of a callback, the following shortcuts are also accepted for
    on_error:

    log: log the response

    throw: throw the response as an error

    ignore: do nothing

        my $store = Catmandu::Store::ElasticSearch->new(
            bags => { data => { on_error => 'log' } }
        });

UPGRADING FROM A PRE 1.0 VERSION

    Versions of this store < 1.0 used Elasticsearch types to map bags to a
    single index. Support for multiple types in one index has since been
    removed from Elasticsearch and since 1.0 each bag is mapped to an
    index.

    You need to export you data before upgrading, update the configuration
    and then import you data again.

SEE ALSO

    Catmandu::Store

AUTHOR

    Nicolas Steenlant, <nicolas.steenlant at ugent.be>

CONTRIBUTORS

    Dave Sherohman, dave.sherohman at ub.lu.se

    Robin Sheat, robin at kallisti.net.nz

    Patrick Hochstenbach, patrick.hochstenbach at ugent.be

LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of either: the GNU General Public License as published
    by the Free Software Foundation; or the Artistic License.

    See http://dev.perl.org/licenses/ for more information.

